催化学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 798-806.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(14)60119-4

• 小综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

Carbon nanohybrids used as catalysts and emulsifiers for reactions in biphasic aqueous/organic systems

Daniel E. Resasco   

  1. School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, and Center for Interfacial Reaction Engineering (CIRE), University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
  • 收稿日期:2014-04-17 修回日期:2014-04-27 出版日期:2014-05-30 发布日期:2014-06-03
  • 通讯作者: Daniel E. Resasco
  • 基金资助:

    This work was supported by the US Department of Energy/EPSCOR (DE SC00044136.85).

Carbon nanohybrids used as catalysts and emulsifiers for reactions in biphasic aqueous/organic systems

Daniel E. Resasco   

  1. School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, and Center for Interfacial Reaction Engineering (CIRE), University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
  • Received:2014-04-17 Revised:2014-04-27 Online:2014-05-30 Published:2014-06-03
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the US Department of Energy/EPSCOR (DE SC00044136.85).

摘要:

This mini-review summarizes some novel aspects of reactions conducted in aqueous/organic emulsions stabilized by carbon nanohybrids functionalized with catalytic species. Carbon nanohybrids represent a family of solid catalysts that not only can stabilize water-oil emulsions in the same fashion as Pickering emulsions, but also catalyze reactions at the liquid/liquid interface. Several examples are discussed in this mini-review. They include (a) aldol condensation-hydrodeoxygenation tandem reactions catalyzed by basic (MgO) and metal (Pd) catalysts, respectively; (b) Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyzed by carbon-nanotube-supported Ru; and (c) emulsion polymerization of styrene for the production of conductive polymer composites. Conducting these reactions in emulsion generates important advantages, such as increased liquid/liquid interfacial area that consequently means faster mass transfer rates of molecules between the two phases, effective separation of products from the reaction mixture by differences in the water-oil solubility, and significant changes in product selectivity that can be adjusted by modifying the emulsion characteristics.

关键词: Carbon nanomaterials, Nanohybrids, Emulsions, Biphasic aqueous/organic mixtures, Catalysis at water/oil interface, Biomass conversion, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

Abstract:

This mini-review summarizes some novel aspects of reactions conducted in aqueous/organic emulsions stabilized by carbon nanohybrids functionalized with catalytic species. Carbon nanohybrids represent a family of solid catalysts that not only can stabilize water-oil emulsions in the same fashion as Pickering emulsions, but also catalyze reactions at the liquid/liquid interface. Several examples are discussed in this mini-review. They include (a) aldol condensation-hydrodeoxygenation tandem reactions catalyzed by basic (MgO) and metal (Pd) catalysts, respectively; (b) Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyzed by carbon-nanotube-supported Ru; and (c) emulsion polymerization of styrene for the production of conductive polymer composites. Conducting these reactions in emulsion generates important advantages, such as increased liquid/liquid interfacial area that consequently means faster mass transfer rates of molecules between the two phases, effective separation of products from the reaction mixture by differences in the water-oil solubility, and significant changes in product selectivity that can be adjusted by modifying the emulsion characteristics.

Key words: Carbon nanomaterials, Nanohybrids, Emulsions, Biphasic aqueous/organic mixtures, Catalysis at water/oil interface, Biomass conversion, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis