催化学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (11): 1966-1974.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(16)62505-6

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

一个具有相反光学选择性的新颖海洋GDSL脂肪酶MT6用于(S)-1-苯基乙醇制备

邓盾a,b,c, 张云a,b, 孙爱君a,b, 胡云峰a,b,d   

  1. a 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室, 广东广州 510301;
    b 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东省海洋药物重点实验室, 广东广州 510301;
    c 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所, 广东广州 510640;
    d 南海生物资源开发和利用协同创新中心, 广东广州 510275
  • 收稿日期:2016-05-31 修回日期:2016-07-13 出版日期:2016-11-25 发布日期:2016-11-25
  • 通讯作者: Yunfeng Hu,Tel:+86-20-89024092; Fax:+86-20-84451672; E-mail:yunfeng.hu@scsio.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA11030404);国家自然科学基金(21302199);广州市科技计划(201510010012);中国科学院重点项目(KGZD-EW-606).

Enantio-selective preparation of (S)-1-phenylethanol by a novel marine GDSL lipase MT6 with reverse stereo-selectivity

Dun Denga,b,c, Yun Zhanga,b, Aijun Suna,b, Yunfeng Hua,b,d   

  1. a Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, China;
    b Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, China;
    c Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Science, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China;
    d South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, China
  • Received:2016-05-31 Revised:2016-07-13 Online:2016-11-25 Published:2016-11-25
  • Contact: Yunfeng Hu,Tel:+86-20-89024092; Fax:+86-20-84451672; E-mail:yunfeng.hu@scsio.ac.cn
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA11030404), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21302199), Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Projects (201510010012), and the Key Project from Chinese Academy of Sciences (KGZD-EW-606).

摘要:

1-苯乙醇是一种重要的手性药物中间体,并且(S)-1-苯乙醇和(R)-1-苯乙醇均具有应用价值.怎样获得光学醇的1-苯乙醇是药物合成中的重要问题.传统的化学合成手段不仅反应过程复杂,而且反应条件剧烈,对环境污染严重,因此生物催化方法越来越受到重视.脂肪酶和酯酶以其出色的立体选择性和温和的反应条件而被广泛用于手性药物的拆分制备.但是之前的一些研究发现脂肪酶和酯酶大都对(R)-1-苯乙醇及其衍生物有选择性,而我们发现并鉴定的脂肪酶MT6的立体选择性则与这些脂肪酶/酯酶完全相反,具体体现在以下两个方面:(1)MT6能够特异地催化(S)-1-苯乙醇和乙酸异丙烯酯的转酯反应,生成(R)-1-苯乙醇;(2)MT6能够选择性地水解(S)-乙酸苏合香酯,生成(S)-1-苯乙醇.可见,利用MT6催化的转酯反应和水解反应可以巧妙地进行(S)-1-苯乙醇和(R)-1-苯乙醇的制备.
MT6来源于深海放线菌Marinactinospora thermotolerans SCSIO 00652,属于GDSL家族脂肪酶第II类群,这一类群的脂肪酶绝大多数来自微生物.有关GDSL家族脂肪酶在手性拆分中的应用研究非常少.我们之前报道了MT6的克隆、表达、纯化及转酯拆分反应,本文重点考察了MT6通过水解反应制备(S)-1-苯乙醇的条件,优化了酶促水解拆分反应温度、有机共溶剂、pH、离子强度、酶用量、底物浓度、反应时间以及底物侧链长度等参数.研究发现,在反应体系中加入一定量的有机共溶剂能够大大提高产物(S)-1-苯乙醇的光学纯度,其中添加二氯甲烷获得的结果最为理想,可以将产物光学纯度从43%提高到89%,E值从2.84提高至22.82.经过优化,最佳反应温度为40℃,共溶剂二氯甲烷浓度为5%(体积分数),反应缓冲液为0.1 mol/L Tris-HCl(pH=7.0),酶用量为150 mg/mL,底物为15 mmol/L乙酸苏合香酯,反应时间控制在12 h.在此条件下,制备的(S)-1-苯乙醇的光学纯度可达97%,转化率可达28.5%,E值为95.9.此外,还比较了侧链长度不同的1-苯基乙醇酯对水解反应的影响,结果表明1-苯基乙醇酯的侧链长度可极大影响光学选择性和产率.在反应条件相同时,MT6催化侧链长度为4个碳的丁酸-1-苯乙酯水解,生成(S)-1-苯乙醇的光学纯度仅为50%.利用AutoDock软件进行分子对接,结果显示长侧链的1-苯基乙醇酯离活性中心His230的咪唑基较远,可能是导致酶立体选择性低的重要原因.
值得注意的是,海洋微生物来源的GDSL脂肪酶MT6在水解反应和转酯反应中均表现出与一些已知脂肪酶/酯酶相反的立体选择性,因而具备进一步开发和应用价值.所制备的(S)-1-苯乙醇的光学纯度为97%,可以通过和转酯反应相结合的方式进一步提高产物的光学纯度和转化率.

关键词: GDSL脂肪酶, 生物催化, 动力学拆分, 直接水解, (S)-1-苯基乙醇, 相反的光学选择性

Abstract:

We previously functionally characterized a novel marine microbial GDSL lipase MT6 and identified that the stereo-selectivity of MT6 was opposite to that of other common lipases in trans-esterification reactions. Herein, we have investigated the use of MT6 in stereo-selective bio-catalysis through direct hydrolysis reactions. Notably, the stereo-selectivity of MT6 was also demonstrated to be opposite to that of other common lipases in hydrolysis reactions. Parameters, including temperature, organic co-solvents, pH, ionic strength, catalyst loading, substrate concen-tration, and reaction time, affecting the enzymatic resolution of racemic 1-phenylethyl acetate were further investigated, with the e.e. of the final (S)-1-Phenylethanol product and the conversion being 97% and 28.5%, respectively, after process optimization. The lengths of side chains of 1-phenylethyl esters greatly affected the stereo-selectivity and conversion during kinetic resolutions. MT6 is a novel marine microbial GDSL lipase exhibiting opposite stereo-selectivities than other common lipases in both trans-esterification reactions and hydrolysis reactions.

Key words: GDSL lipase, Biocatalysis, Kinetic resolution, Direct hydrolysis, (S)-1-Phenylethanol, Reverse stereo-selectivity