催化学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 89: 430-443.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65175-3

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

同晶取代Co3O4纳米复合材料流水线式协同催化分解N2O

刘玲技a,1, 蔚晓盛a,1, 陈洲a, 海雪清a, 王永钊a, 王长真a,b,*(), 肖天存c,*()   

  1. a山西大学精细化学品教育部工程研究中心,山西太原 030006,中国
    b山西大学化学化工学院,山西太原 030006,中国
    c牛津大学无机化学实验室,牛津,英国
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-07 接受日期:2026-04-02 出版日期:2026-10-18 发布日期:2026-09-01
  • 通讯作者: *电子信箱: czwang@sxu.edu.cn (王长真),
    xiao.tiancun@chem.ox.ac.uk (肖天存).
  • 作者简介:

    1共同第一作者.

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(22578255);国家自然科学基金(22178202);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(YDZJSX2024D004);山西省重点研发计划(202402090301006)

Assembly-line synergistic catalysis in isomorphic substituted Co3O4 nanocomposite for enhanced N2O decomposition

Lingji Liua,1, Xiaosheng Yua,1, Zhou Chena, Xueqing Haia, Yongzhao Wanga, Changzhen Wanga,b,*(), Tiancun Xiaoc,*()   

  1. aEngineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Fine Chemicals, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
    bSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
    cInorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
  • Received:2026-01-07 Accepted:2026-04-02 Online:2026-10-18 Published:2026-09-01
  • Contact: *E-mail:czwang@sxu.edu.cn(C. Wang),xiao.tiancun@chem.ox.ac.uk(T. Xiao).
  • About author:

    1 Contributed equally to this work.

  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(22578255);National Natural Science Foundation of China(22178202);Central Government Guidance Fund for Local Science and Technology Development(YDZJSX2024D004);Key Research and Development Special Program of Shanxi Province(202402090301006)

摘要:

纳米流水线协同催化是针对多步速率控制反应提出的新型设计思路, 通过在同一纳米复合材料中构建空间有序、功能协同的多活性位点, 可实现对多步反应的时空接力催化. 一氧化二氮(N2O)作为硝酸与己二酸工业废气的主要成分, 其绿色高效催化分解对减少温室气体排放和缓解臭氧层损耗问题具有重要意义. 然而, N2O催化分解存在两个关键挑战: (1) 低温下N-O键活化能垒高; (2) N-O断裂生成的吸附氧中间体脱附缓慢, 持续毒化活性位点. 因此, 构建具有时空有序的N-O吸附位点和氧脱附微观结构, 可实现反应步骤时空有序推进的催化体系, 成为突破N2O催化分解瓶颈的关键, 对实现N2O高效分解及推动流水线催化在多步骤催化反应中的应用具有重要意义.

本文基于原子级Ca和Zr物种对Co3O4的同晶取代策略, 精准构建了一种由Ca-O-Co位点与Co-Oᵥ-Zr位点串联耦合而成的“流水线式”反应模块, 即富含Ca-O-Co-Ov-Zr亚结构“微集成工作站”的新型纳米复合催化剂, 并揭示了其对N-O吸附与氧脱附动力学的协同调控机制. 最优CoCaZr样品N2O分解T90温度温度可低至355 °C, 且能耐受各种杂质气氛并稳定运行超过100 h. 实验机理与密度泛函理论计算研究表明, 该优异性能主要源于Ca-O-Co-Ov-Zr亚结构的原子尺度双向促进机制: 一方面, Ca通过给电子效应构建“Ca-e--Co”电子传输链(车间1), 提高Co位点电子云密度, 促进Co2+对N2O分子的吸附与N-O键的断裂(步骤i); 另一方面, Co-Ov-Zr(车间2)作为“氧输送带”, 在N-O键断裂后驱动随后的氧脱附过程(步骤ii), 促进活性氧物种的快速脱附与位点再生. 在空间维度上, Ca-e--Co与Co-Ov-Zr位点通过微集成工作站亚结构实现空间毗邻与功能接力, 使得N-O键断裂生成的活性氧物种被迅速转移至氧空位区域并高效脱附, 避免活性位点被氧毒化; 在时间维度上, 相比传统的块体催化剂因缺乏足够的协同界面, 无法高效地将多个基元步骤串联起来的结构缺陷, 原子级相邻的多集成协同中心Ca-O-Co-Ov-Zr亚结构, 可以同时全局性地活化N2O分子一站式催化分解而无需排队等待, 保障流水线式催化循环的高效进行.

综上, 本研究为合理设计流水线式亚结构中的协同活性位点提供了有效思路, 成功解决了N2O分解反应中的多步骤动力学限制问题, 丰富了纳米级流水线式协同催化的应用场景, 对推进复杂催化反应中多步骤协同机制的研究以及开发高效稳定的多步骤催化材料奠定了理论与实验基础.

关键词: 流水线式协同催化, 同晶取代亚结构, 纳米复合材料, 双向促进机制, N2O催化分解

Abstract:

Nanoscale assembly-line catalysis is a novel avenue for reactions with multiple rate-determining steps. The regional coexistence of different elements in nanocomposites with adjacent heterometallic coordination can construct substructures compatible with multifunctional sites, resulting in synergistic catalysis. Herein, a novel nanocomposite with affluent Ca-O-Co-Ov-Zr micro-integrated stations (MIS) is developed through an isomorphic substitution strategy to promote the spatiotemporally ordered N-O adsorption and mitigate kinetic limitation of O transportation/desorption through an assembly-line catalytic perspective during N2O decomposition. The optimized CoCa6Zr9 can achieve T90 of N2O decomposition at 355 °C and stably run for more than 100 h. This superior performance is mainly attributed to a bidirectional promotion mechanism via both “Ca-e--Co” electronic chain in Ca-O-Co (workshop 1) and O vacancy electronic pump in “Co-Ov-Zr” (workshop 2), which promotes the formation of electron-rich Co2+-Ov cooperative sites (namly, the MIS), accelerating cleavage of N-O bond (Primary Step i). Meanwhile, the cooperative of atomic-regulated electronic and redox inducers can adjust the Co-O polarity to maintain the Co2+ valence state, weaken the Co-O bond and enhance active oxygen mobility, thus refreshing its active sites for assembly-line catalytic cycles instantly and persistently (Primary Step ii). This work establishes an effective insight for rationally assembling cooperative active sites in assembly-line inspired substructures, which is essential for advancing the research on the coordination of multiple reaction steps in complex catalytic reactions.

Key words: Assembly-line catalysis, Isomorphic substituted substructure, Nanocomposite, Bidirectional promotion, N2O decomposition