Fabrication of a monoclinic/hexagonal junction in WO3 and its enhanced photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B

doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(15)61023-3

Chinese Journal of Catalysis ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 349-358.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(15)61023-3

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Fabrication of a monoclinic/hexagonal junction in WO₃ and its enhanced photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B

Yuanyuan Lu^a, Guo Liu^a, Jing Zhang^a, Zhaochi Feng^b, Can Li^b, Zhi Li^c

a College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun 113001, Liaoning, China;
b State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China;
c Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

Received:2015-11-25 Revised:2015-11-27 Online:2016-02-29 Published:2016-02-29
Contact: Jing Zhang
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21573101), the Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation (2014020107), the Program for Liaoning Excellent Talents in University (LJQ2014041), the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry ([2013]1792), the Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, TIPC, CAS, and the Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, DICP, CAS (N-09-06)

Abstract

Abstract:

A series of WO₃ samples with different crystalline phases were prepared by the thermal decomposition method from ammonium tungstate hydrate. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and N₂ adsorption-desorption were used to characterize the crystalline phase, morphology, particle size, chemical composition, and surface area of the WO₃ samples. The formation of hexagonal (h-WO₃) and monoclinic (m-WO₃) crystal structures of WO₃ at different temperatures or different times was confirmed by XRD. m-WO₃ is formed at 600 ℃, while m-WO₃ starts to transform into h-WO₃ at 800 ℃. However, h-WO₃, which forms at 800 ℃, may transform into m-WO₃ by increasing the calcination temperature to 1000 ℃. SEM results indicate that m-WO₃ particles exhibit a bulky shape with heavy aggregates, while h-WO₃ particles exhibit a rod-like shape. Moreover, m-WO₃ crystals are sporadically patched on the surface of the h-WO₃ rod-like particles, resulting in the exposure of both m-WO₃ and h-WO₃ on the surface. It is observed that the monoclinic phase (m-WO₃)/hexagonal phase (h-WO₃) junction was fabricated by tuning the calcination temperature and calcination time. The relative ratios between m-WO₃ and h-WO₃ in the phase junction can readily be tailored by control of the calcination time. The photocatalytic activities of WO₃ with different crystalline phases were evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B as a model pollutant. A higher photocatalytic activity was observed in the WO₃ sample with the m-WO₃/h-WO₃ junction as compared with the sample with only m-WO₃. The improvement of photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the reduction of the electron-hole recombination rate owing to the formation of the phase junction, whose presence has been confirmed by HRTEM and photoluminescence spectra.

Key words: Tungsten oxide, Phase junction, Thermal decomposition method, Photocatalysis, Rhodamine B

Yuanyuan Lu, Guo Liu, Jing Zhang, Zhaochi Feng, Can Li, Zhi Li. Fabrication of a monoclinic/hexagonal junction in WO₃ and its enhanced photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2016, 37(3): 349-358.

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Fabrication of a monoclinic/hexagonal junction in WO₃ and its enhanced photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B

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