Depolymerization and hydrodeoxygenation of lignin to aromatic hydrocarbons with a Ru catalyst on a variety of Nb-based supports

doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(19)63317-6

Abstract

Abstract:

Efficient conversion of lignin to aromatic hydrocarbons via depolymerization and subsequent hydrodeoxygenation is important. Previously, we found that NbO_x species played a key role in the activation and cleavage of C-O bonds in lignin and its model compounds. In this study, commercial niobic acid (HY-340), niobium phosphate (NbPO-CBMM) and lab-made layered niobium oxide (Nb₂O₅-Layer) were chosen as supports to study the effect of Brönsted and Lewis acids on the activation of C-O bonds in lignin conversion. A variety of Ru-loaded, Nb-based catalysts with different Ru particle sizes were prepared and applied to the conversion of p-cresol. The results show that all the Ru/Nb-based catalysts produce high mole yields of C₇-C₉ hydrocarbons (82.3%-99.1%). What's more, Ru/Nb₂O₅-Layer affords the best mole yield of C₇-C₉ hydrocarbons and selectivity for C₇-C₉ aromatic hydrocarbons, of up to 99.1% and 88.0%, respectively. Moreover, it was found that Lewis acid sites play important roles in the depolymerization of enzymatic lignin into phenolic monomers and the cleavage of the C-O bond of phenols. Additionally, the electronic state and particle size of Ru are significant factors which influence the selectivity for aromatic hydrocarbons. A partial positive charge on the metallic Ru surface and a smaller Ru particle size are beneficial in improving the selectivity for aromatic hydrocarbons.

Key words: Lignin, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Nb-based supports, Lewis acid sites, Ru

Di Ma, Shenglu Lu, Xiaohui Liu, Yong Guo, Yanqin Wang. Depolymerization and hydrodeoxygenation of lignin to aromatic hydrocarbons with a Ru catalyst on a variety of Nb-based supports[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2019, 40(4): 609-617.

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URL: https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/10.1016/S1872-2067(19)63317-6

https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/Y2019/V40/I4/609

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