A novel iron-chelating polyimide network as a visible-light-driven catalyst for photoinduced radical polymerization

doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(20)63610-5

Abstract

Abstract:

With the aim of developing a low-cost and efficient visible-light-driven photocatalyst for radical polymerization, iron-chelating polyimide networks (Fe@MPI) was fabricated by firstly synthesizing photoactive melamine-containing polyimide (MPI) networks and then incorporating Fe(III) cations into the polymer networks. Fe@MPI exhibits a wide absorption spectrum ranging from 220 to 1250 nm and 3.5 times higher photocurrent intensity as compared with the pristine MPI. Based on its excellent photo-electric properties, Fe@MPI was employed as a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst, providing sufficient activity for the visible-light driven radical polymerization to synthesize poly(methyl methacrylate) with molecular weight up to 31.3 × 10 ⁴ g/mol. Taking advantage of the heterogeneous nature of the catalyst, Fe@MPI could be facilely regenerated from the polymerization solution by filtration without an obvious loss of its activity. This research provides a novel recyclable catalyst for visible-light driven radical polymerization.

Key words: Visible-light, Photopolymerization, Polyimide photocatalyst, Iron chelating

Gang Ding, Qin Wang, Fei Liu, Yi Dan, Long Jiang. A novel iron-chelating polyimide network as a visible-light-driven catalyst for photoinduced radical polymerization[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2021, 42(1): 141-151.

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URL: https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/10.1016/S1872-2067(20)63610-5

https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/Y2021/V42/I1/141

Figures/Tables 12

Fig. 1. (a) Schematic diagram of the synthesis of MPI and Fe@MPI; (b) full FT-IR spectra of NTCDA, melamine, MPI and Fe@MPI; (c) the zoom-in FT-IR spectra of MPI and Fe@MPI.

Fig. 2. XRD patterns of MPI and Fe@MPI.

Fig. 3. XPS survey spectra (a) and high-resolution XPS spectra of Fe 2p (b), C 1s (c), O 1s (d) and N 1s (e) of MPI and Fe@MPI.

Fig. 4. SEM (a) and TEM (b) and HRTEM (c-d) images and the insert is FFT of the chosen area of Fe@MPI; (e) N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm of Fe@MPI at 77 K; (f) the corresponding pore size distribution.

Fig. 5. SEM-EDS mapping images of Fe@MPI for C, N, Fe and O elements.

Fig. 6. (a) UV-vis absorption spectra and photograph (inset) of MPI and Fe@MPI; (b) photocurrent transient response of MPI and Fe@MPI.

Table 1 Results from photopolymerizations of MMA using different catalysts.

No.	Catalyst	[M]₀/[C]₀	Conv. (%)	Mn(10⁴g mol^-1)	MWD
1	—	100/0	0.2	—	—
2	FeCl₃	100/1	5.6	—	—
3	MPI	100/1	14.9	12.1	2.0
4	Fe@MPI	100/1	21.7	31.3	2.2

Fig. 7. The tauc plot (a) and the Mott-Schottky plot (b) of Fe@MPI, (c) The band structure of Fe@MPI.

Fig. 8. (a) The monomer conversion vs. time plots for the polymerization of MMA in the presence of different catalyst; (b) the radical quenching experiments of Fe@MPI-induced photo-polymerization; (c) EPR spectra of the .dioxane solution of Fe@MPI/triethylamine before and after light irradiation; (d) schematic diagram of the radical generation mechanism during the photo-irradiation of Fe@MPI in the presence of triethylamine (Et3N).

Fig. 9. Four successive photopolymerization kinetic plots of MMA using Fe@MPI as photocatalyst.

Fig. 10. FT-IR (a) and XRD (b) patterns of original and cycled-used Fe@MPI; (c) Fe 2p core-level XPS spectra of cycle-used Fe@MPI; (d) SEM-EDX mapping images of cycle-used Fe@MPI for C, N, Fe and O elements.

Table 2 Elemental percentage of C, N, O and Fe present in Fe@MPI before and after 4 successive recycle runs.

Sample	C (%)	N (%)	O (%)	Fe (%)
original Fe@MPI	53.82	17.62	20.42	6.48
cycle-used Fe@MPI	54.89	17.03	20.67	6.23

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