Copper-doped zinc sulfide nanoframes with three-dimensional photocatalytic surfaces for enhanced solar driven H2 production

doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(21)63864-0

Abstract

Abstract:

Solar-to-chemical energy conversion is perceived as one of the most potential solutions to the current energy and environmental crisis, yet requires major scientific endeavors on the development of efficient and sustainable photocatalysts. Remolding the composition and morphology of a semiconductor jointly for the purpose of improving photocatalysis efficiency remains challenging. Herein, we rationally fabricated Cu-doped ZnS nanoframes via a simple conjunct strategy of substitutional doping, chemical acidic etching, and sulfidation, aiming at enhancing the light utilization and charge separation/transfer efficiency for solar-light-driven hydrogen generation. Cu-doped zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) rhombic dodecahedrons are transformed to hollow Cu-ZIF-8 nanoframes converted to Cu-ZnS nanoframes with three-dimensional photocatalytic active surfaces via anisotropic chemical etching, which is further converted to Cu-ZnS nanoframes. By combining the merits of optimal heteroatom doping and frame-like open architecture, the obtained 1%Cu-doped ZnS nanoframe exhibits high photocatalytic activity under solar light irradiation with improved hydrogen production rate up to 8.30 mmol h^-1g^-1 and excellent stability in the absence of cocatalysts, which is significantly improved in comparison with those of the bare ZnS and Cu-ZnS with different morphologies. This work inspired by merging the merits of metal doping and anisotropic chemical etching may shed light on the rational design and fabrication of advanced photocatalysts.

Key words: Metal-organic frameworks, Solar-to-chemical energy conversion, Metal sulfides, Hydrogen production, Photocatalysis

Junmin Huang, Jianmin Chen, Wangxi Liu, Jingwen Zhang, Junying Chen, Yingwei Li. Copper-doped zinc sulfide nanoframes with three-dimensional photocatalytic surfaces for enhanced solar driven H₂ production[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2022, 43(3): 782-792.

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URL: https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/10.1016/S1872-2067(21)63864-0

https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/Y2022/V43/I3/782

Figures/Tables 8

Scheme 1. Schematic illustration of the synthesis process of Cu-ZIF-8 nanoframe.

Fig. 2. (a) PXRD patterns of the x%Cu-ZnS nanoframes. (b) The corresponding magnified PXRD patterns in the region of 20° to 40°.

Fig. 1. FESEM (a,b) and TEM (c) images of 1%Cu-ZIF-8 nanoframe. FESEM (d,e), TEM (f), HRTEM (g), HAADF-STEM (h) and elemental mapping (i-l) images of 1%Cu-ZnS nanoframe.

Fig. 3. The survey spectra (a) and high-resolution XPS spectra of S 2p (b), Zn 2p (c), and Cu 2p (d) of the x%Cu-ZnS nanoframes.

Fig. 4. (a) Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution curves of x%Cu-ZnS nanoframes; (b) Photocatalytic hydrogen production in five consecutive cycles for 1%Cu-ZnS nanoframe under simulated solar light irradiation; (c) Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution curves of different samples.

Fig. 5. UV-Vis DRS (a), Steady-state PL (b), EIS Nyquist plots (c), and transient photocurrent responses (d) of the x%Cu-ZnS nanoframes.

Fig. 6. UV-Vis DRS (a), time-resolved PL decay profiles (b), EIS Nyquist plots (c), and transient photocurrent responses (d) of bulk, hollow, and nanoframe-structural 1%Cu-ZnS.

Fig. 7. Schematic illustration of the photoexcited charge carrier migration and hydrogen generation over the 1% Cu-doped ZnS nanoframe.

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Copper-doped zinc sulfide nanoframes with three-dimensional photocatalytic surfaces for enhanced solar driven H₂ production

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