In-situ formation of cobalt phosphide nanoparticles confined in three-dimensional porous carbon for high-performing zinc-air battery and water splitting

doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(21)64047-0

Abstract

Abstract:

The rational design of efficient and stable carbon-based electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions is crucial for improving energy density and long-term stability of rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs). Herein, a general and controllable synthesis method was developed to prepare three-dimensional (3D) porous carbon composites embedded with diverse metal phosphide nanocrystallites by interfacial coordination of transition metal ions with phytic acid-doped polyaniline networks and subsequent pyrolysis. Phytic acid as the dopant of polyaniline provides favorable anchoring sites for metal ions owing to the coordination interaction. Specifically, adjusting the concentration of adsorbed cobalt ions can achieve the phase regulation of transition metal phosphides. Thus, with abundant cobalt phosphide nanoparticles and nitrogen- and phosphorus-doping sites, the obtained carbon-based electrocatalysts exhibited efficient electrocatalytic activities toward oxygen reduction and evolution reactions. Consequently, the fabricated ZABs exhibited a high energy density, high power density of 368 mW cm^‒2, and good cycling/mechanical stability, which could power water splitting for integrated device fabrication with high gas yields.

Key words: Cobalt phosphide, Three-dimensional porous carbon, Electrocatalysis, Zinc-air battery, Water splitting.

Xinxin Shu, Maomao Yang, Miaomiao Liu, Huaisheng Wang, Jintao Zhang. In-situ formation of cobalt phosphide nanoparticles confined in three-dimensional porous carbon for high-performing zinc-air battery and water splitting[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2022, 43(12): 3107-3115.

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URL: https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/10.1016/S1872-2067(21)64047-0

https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/Y2022/V43/I12/3107

Figures/Tables 6

Scheme 1. Schematic illustration for the preparation of cobalt phosphide NPs embedded 3D porous carbon.

Fig. 1. Morphology and microstructure characterization. SEM and TEM images of B-NPC (a,b), CoPX@B-NPC (c,d) and CoPX@F-NPC (e,f). (g,h) HR-TEM images of CoPX@B-NPC. (i) STEM image and the corresponding elemental mapping images of CoPX@B-NPC.

Fig. 2. Characterization of electrocatalysts. (a) Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. (b) Pore distribution curves. (c) XRD patterns. High-resolution XPS spectra of CoPX@B-NPC: Co 2p region (d), P 2p region (e) and N 1s region (f).

Fig. 3. Electrocatalytic performance evaluation in alkaline electrolyte. (a) LSV curves for ORR. (b) Corresponding Tafel plots. (c) LSV curves on CoPX@B-NPC at different rotation rates and corresponding Koutechy?-Levich plots (inset). (d) Peroxide yield and electron transfer number derived from rotating ring-disk electrodes; LSV curves for OER in 1 mol L-1 KOH (e) and for bifunctional catalytic activity (f) in 0.1 mol L-1 KOH.

Fig. 4. ZAB performance evaluation. (a) Galvanostatic discharging curves. (b) Cathodic polarization curves and corresponding power density plots. (c) Specific capacity plots at various current densities using CoPX@B-NPC electrode; polarization curves (d) and galvanostatic cycling test (e) at current density of 5 mA cm?2.

Fig. 5. Solid-state ZAB performance. (a) Open-circuit voltage plots. (b) Galvanostatic discharging curves. (c) Polarization curves and corresponding power density curves. (d) Polarization curves. (e) Galvanostatic cycling test at a current density of 1 mA cm?2. (f) Galvanostatic cycling test under flat and bending conditions.

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