Doping [Ru(bpy)3]2+ into metal-organic framework to facilitate the separation and reuse of noble-metal photosensitizer during CO2 photoreduction

doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(21)63820-2

Abstract

Abstract:

It is desirable to develop highly efficient and sustainable catalytic systems for CO₂ photoreduction using efficient heterogeneous photosensitizers (PSs); however, this remains a great challenge. In this study, we doped [Ru(bpy)₃]²⁺ into UiO-metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to facilitate the separation and reuse of noble metal PS. By simply adjusting the loading amount, a series of heterogeneous photoactive MOFs, namely, UiO-Ru-1, UiO-Ru-2, and UiO-Ru-3, were constructed to act as heterogeneous PSs to drive the efficient CO₂ photoreduction under visible-light irradiation. Remarkably, UiO-Ru-2 exhibited the best photosensitizing ability among the prepared MOFs in sensitizing the iron quarterpyridine catalyst (C-1), and the CO yield reached as high as 171 mmol/g with ca. 100% selectivity, which is a record value among all the MOF-based photocatalysts. This photoactive MOF can be recycled and reused three times without any obvious activity loss, signifying its good photochemical stability. Experimental investigations confirmed that the strong visible absorption, long-lived excited state, appropriate redox potential, good photocatalytic stability, and excellent collaboration with C-1 were attributable to the superior catalytic activity. This work highlights an avenue for constructing heterogeneous PSs with excellent recyclability using MOF as the platform for efficient CO₂ reduction.

Key words: Metal-organic framework, Photosensitizer, CO₂ reduction, Heterogeneous, Ru(II) complex

Zhe Wu, Song Guo, Li-Hui Kong, Ai-Fang Geng, Yu-Jie Wang, Ping Wang, Shuang Yao, Kai-Kai Chen, Zhi-Ming Zhang. Doping [Ru(bpy)₃]²⁺ into metal-organic framework to facilitate the separation and reuse of noble-metal photosensitizer during CO₂ photoreduction[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2021, 42(10): 1790-1797.

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URL: https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/10.1016/S1872-2067(21)63820-2

https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/Y2021/V42/I10/1790

Figures/Tables 5

Fig. 1. (a) Structures of L-2, C-1, BIH, and the L-2-doped MOF; (b) PXRD patterns of UiO-Ru-1, UiO-Ru-2, and UiO-Ru-3.

Fig. 2. SEM, HRTEM, and elemental mapping (C, N, Zr, O, and Ru) images of UiO-Ru-2.

Fig. 3. (a) CO yield with different concentrations of C-1 in 8 h; (b) CO yield with UiO-Ru-1, UiO-Ru-2, and UiO-Ru-3 in 8 h with C-1 (50 μM); (c) Photocatalytic activity with UiO-Ru-2 (with 50 μM C-1) and control experiments; (d) Recycling experiments with UiO-Ru-2 as the photocatalyst. Reaction conditions: (a-c) UiO-Ru (1.0 mg), BIH (0.05 M), 0.5 mL H2O, and 4.5 mL CH3CN in 8 h; (d) UiO-Ru (1.0 mg), BIH (0.025 M), C-1 (25 μM), 0.25 mL H2O, and 2.25 mL CH3CN in 4 h (irradiated by a 300 W Xe lamp with λ ≥ 400 nm, 200 mW·cm-2; irradiation area: 0.8 cm2).

Fig. 4. (a) UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra of UiO-Ru PSs; photoluminescence spectra (b) and transient fluorescence spectra (c) of UiO-Ru PSs; (d) redox potentials of relevant species in the catalytic system.

Fig. 5. Nanosecond transient absorption spectra. (a) L-2; (b) Decay of L-2 at 450 nm; (c) L-2 in the presence of 0.4 mM BIH; (d) Kinetic traces of reduced L-2 at 450 nm; (e) L-2 in the presence of 90 μM C-1; (f) Kinetic traces of L-2 at 450 nm with different concentrations of C-1. Conditions: λex = 410 nm in CH3CN under an N2 atmosphere.

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Doping [Ru(bpy)₃]²⁺ into metal-organic framework to facilitate the separation and reuse of noble-metal photosensitizer during CO₂ photoreduction

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