催化学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 73-82.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(15)60951-2

• 新型多孔催化材料专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

Rh2O3/介孔MOx-Al2O3(M=Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Ba)催化剂:合成、表征和催化应用

刘欢, 林毅, 马臻   

  1. 复旦大学环境科学与工程系, 上海市大气颗粒物污染与防治重点实验室, 上海200433
  • 收稿日期:2015-05-29 修回日期:2015-07-03 出版日期:2015-12-26 发布日期:2015-12-26
  • 通讯作者: 马臻
  • 作者简介:马臻
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(21477022).

Rh2O3/mesoporous MOx-Al2O3 (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ba) catalysts: Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic applications

Huan Liu, Yi Lin, Zhen Ma   

  1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
  • Received:2015-05-29 Revised:2015-07-03 Online:2015-12-26 Published:2015-12-26
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21477022).

摘要:

近年来,研究者们开发了自组装合成介孔氧化铝的方法,并以介孔氧化铝为载体负载金属氧化物,还尝试合成介孔MOx-Al2O3复合氧化物.但以介孔MOx-Al2O3复合氧化物为载体负载金属氧化物,并将这类材料用于催化中的例子相对较少.本工作以非离子型三嵌段共聚物(P123)为模板剂,异丙醇铝为氧化铝前驱物,采用一锅法快速制备了有序介孔Al2O3(MA)及一系列MOx-Al2O3(M=Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Ba)材料,并以这些材料为载体采用浸渍法制备了Rh/MA和Rh/M-MA催化剂.采用N2吸附-脱附、X射线粉末衍射、透射电镜、X射线光电子能谱及电感偶合等离子体发射光谱等对催化剂结构和性质进行了表征,考察了催化剂对CO氧化和N2O分解的催化活性和稳定性.
结果表明,一锅法制备的各催化剂均有大的比表面积、大的孔容和均一的孔径.Rh/Mn-MA和Rh/Fe-MA中掺杂金属氧化物分别为MnO2和Fe2O3,在Rh/Co-MA和Rh/Ni-MA上,Co和Ni分别与介孔氧化铝形成了NiAl2O4尖晶石结构;Rh/Cu-MA上还有CuO和少量Cu+;对于Rh/Ba-MA催化剂, 其载体的介孔有序性被破坏并有BaCO3生成.在所有催化剂上,负载的Rh2O3颗粒高度分散,其颗粒尺寸分布在1nm左右.对于CO氧化,催化剂的T50(CO转化率到达到50%的温度)活性顺序为:Rh/Mn-MA(122℃)>Rh/Fe-MA(130℃)≈Rh/Cu-MA(131℃)>Rh/Co-MA(136℃)>Rh/Ni-MA(156℃)>Rh/MA(161℃)>Rh/Ba-MA(171℃).大多数载体在200℃以下没有活性.对于N2O分解,催化剂的T50(N2O转化率到达到50%的温度)活性顺序为:Rh/Co-MA(283℃)>Rh/Ni-MA(287℃)≈Rh/Fe-MA(290℃)≈Rh/Ba-MA(292℃)>Rh/MA(301℃)>Rh/Cu-MA(314℃)>Rh/Mn-MA(321℃).这些载体在400℃以下都没有活性
实验证明,通过掺杂的方法可以调变介孔Al2O3的物理化学性质,负载Rh2O3后,催化性能进一步被调变.虽然本文仅选取CO氧化和N2O分解作为探针反应来比较这一类介孔氧化物材料的催化活性,考虑到Rh2O3和Al2O3在催化中的广泛使用,我们认为这些催化剂有可能用在其他反应中.

关键词: 一锅法, 介孔氧化铝, 金属氧化物, CO氧化, N2O分解

Abstract:

Recently, a one-pot self-assembly method was proposed for the synthesis of mesoporous Al2O3 and MOx-Al2O3 composite materials. However, few attempts have been made to use mesoporous MOx-Al2O3 composites to support metal oxides for catalysis. In the present work, mesoporous MOx-Al2O3 (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ba) materials were prepared by a one-pot self-assembly method using Pluronic P123 as a structure-directing agent. The obtained mesoporous materials were loaded with Rh2O3 nanoparticles via impregnation with Rh(NO3)3 followed by calcination in air at 500 ℃. The resulting catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption-desorption measurements, transmission electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and their catalytic activity and stability for CO oxidation and N2O decomposition were tested. The Rh2O3 nanoparticles were found to be on the order of 1 nm in size and were highly dispersed on the high surface area mesoporous MOx-Al2O3 supports. A number of the Rh2O3/mesoporous MOx-Al2O3 catalysts exhibited higher catalytic activity than the Rh2O3/mesoporous Al2O3 prepared for comparison.

Key words: One-pot synthesis, Mesoporous alumina, Metal oxide, CO oxidation, N2O decomposition