催化学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 1843-1864.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(21)63833-0
收稿日期:
2021-02-03
修回日期:
2021-02-03
接受日期:
2021-04-20
出版日期:
2021-11-18
发布日期:
2021-05-18
通讯作者:
董斌
基金资助:
Received:
2021-02-03
Revised:
2021-02-03
Accepted:
2021-04-20
Online:
2021-11-18
Published:
2021-05-18
Contact:
Bin Dong
About author:
*Tel/Fax: +86-532-86981156; E-mail: dongbin@upc.edu.cnSupported by:
摘要:
随着世界对能源需求的日益增长, 为减少对化石燃料的严重依赖同时实现碳达峰和碳中和, 迫切需要探索发现新型能源和能源载体. 与其他燃料相比, 氢气具有零碳排放、能量密度高、清洁可再生和来源广泛等特点, 因此被认为是理想的能源载体. 目前, 工业制氢主要有三种策略, 分别是甲烷水蒸气重整(SMR)、煤炭水蒸气(CG)和水电解(WE). 其中SMR和CG制氢占95%, 而WE制氢仅占4%. 虽然前二者制氢成本较低, 但会伴生大量的二氧化碳, 相比之下, WE制氢纯度高, 绿色无污染, 更加符合目前的环保理念. 目前WE制氢的核心问题之一就是设计和合成高效、廉价的电催化剂. 具有类贵金属催化性能的过渡金属基电催化剂(例如钴基、镍基和铁基材料)已经引起了学术界的广泛关注. 配位聚合物(CP)由于其具有固有的金属元素、内部结构化学可调、比表面积大和结构有序等优点, 在吸附、催化和储能等领域得到了广泛的应用. 作为18世纪发现的第一个人工配位聚合物, 普鲁士蓝(PB)及其类似物(PBAs)和具有可调金属中心的衍生物作为一种新型的光催化剂或电催化剂受到了广泛的关注.
本综述详细介绍了以普鲁士蓝及其类似物和衍生物构筑的中空结构和基底支撑型纳米材料在绿色水分解方面的基础研究及应用进展. 本文首先简单介绍了普鲁士蓝及其类似物的基本结构组成, 并对其优缺点进行了总结; 随后, 针对普鲁士蓝及其类似物的中空结构的合成策略和形成机理展开了详细地阐述, 包括单层中空纳米盒、开孔式纳米笼以及复杂中空结构等; 此外, 针对基底支撑型普鲁士蓝及其类似物结构合成机理也进行了详细地解释, 包括泡沫镍网、铁网、碳布、铜网等基底, 并与中空结构进行了对比总结, 该类负载型结构可以充分发挥活性位的利用效率, 达到更好的催化性能. 此外, 结合最新的研究进展, 介绍了普鲁士蓝及其类似物和衍生物(氢氧化物、磷化物、硫族化合物和碳化物)在水裂解中的应用, 包括电解水和光催化制氢, 并对电解水的机理进行了总结. 最后, 本文总结了该领域目前存在的局限性和面临的紧迫挑战. 希望本综述能够激发更多研究者投身于复杂结构普鲁士蓝及其类似物和衍生物的高效绿色水裂解方面的研究工作.
谢静宜, 董斌. 中空和基底支撑型普鲁士蓝及其类似物和衍生物用于绿色水分解[J]. 催化学报, 2021, 42(11): 1843-1864.
Jing-Yi Xie, Bin Dong. Hollow and substrate-supported Prussian blue, its analogs, and their derivatives for green water splitting[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2021, 42(11): 1843-1864.
Fig. 1. (a) Three routes for industrial hydrogen production. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [19]. Copyright 2015, Royal Society of Chemistry; (b) Benchmarks for hydrogen- and oxygen-producing electrocatalysts for green water splitting. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [23]. Copyright 2015, American Chemical Society.
Fig. 2. Crystal structures of PB and PBAs. (a) A defect-free PB lattice. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [50]. Copyright 2012, Royal Society of Chemistry. Architectures of insoluble (b) and soluble (c) PB. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [47]. Copyright 2012, KISTI.
Advantages | Disadvantages |
---|---|
Metal centers are tunable | Physical structures are unstable and prone to collapse at high temperatures |
Secondary metallic species can be introduced to PB and PBA systems | |
Many derivatives possible, broadening the range of applications | PB and PBA particles cannot be scaled down to below 100 nm, preventing exposure of more active sites |
Morphologies are tunable | |
Electron density is tunable |
Table 1 Summary of the advantages and disadvantages of PB/PBAs.
Advantages | Disadvantages |
---|---|
Metal centers are tunable | Physical structures are unstable and prone to collapse at high temperatures |
Secondary metallic species can be introduced to PB and PBA systems | |
Many derivatives possible, broadening the range of applications | PB and PBA particles cannot be scaled down to below 100 nm, preventing exposure of more active sites |
Morphologies are tunable | |
Electron density is tunable |
Fig. 3. (a) Schematic showing different strategies for the production of single-shelled boxes of PB/PBAs. I, soft templates; II, hard templates; III, chemical etching; and IV, cation exchange. (b,c) Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs of single-shelled PB at low and high magnification (synthesized via approach I). Reproduced with permission from Ref. [39]. Copyright 2009, American Chemical Society. (d,e) TEM images of a RbMnFe PBA obtained by approach II. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [95]. Copyright 2012, American Chemical Society. (f,g) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and TEM images of Co-Fe PBA single-shelled boxes after etching treatment (obtained by approach III). Reproduced with permission from Ref. [96]. Copyright 2012, Wiley-VCH. (h-j) TEM images showing the transformation of a solid Mn-Fe PBA cube to Co-Fe PBA single-shelled hollow boxes (obtained via approach IV). Reproduced with permission from Ref. [97]. Copyright 2017, Elsevier.
Fig. 4. (a) Schematic of the conversion of solid cubic PB precursor particles to Fe(OH)3/WO3-x·yH2O nanocages via etching. TEM (b) and SEM (c) images of Fe-W PBA. (d-f) SEM/energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) mapping of W, Fe, and O in Fe-W PBA cubes. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [106]. Copyright 2019, Royal Society of Chemistry.
Fig. 5. (a) Formation and subsequent morphological changes of NiS nanocages with holes in the centers of the faces. (b,c) Field-emission (FE)SEM images of NiS nanoframes. (d) TEM of a NiS particle. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [87]. Copyright 2015, Wiley-VCH. FESEM images (e) of single-crystalline KCoFe nanoframes; TEM image (f), selected area electron diffraction pattern (g), and high-resolution TEM images (h) showing the morphology and structure of a single KCoFe nanoframe. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [113]. Copyright 2017, AAAS. (i) Schematic of the formation of Ni-Co PBA nanocages with corner holes; FESEM (j) and TEM (k,l) images of Ni-Co PBA; FESEM (m) and TEM (n,o) images of Ni-Co oxide derivatives. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [114]. Copyright 2016, Wiley-VCH. (p) Schematic of the formation of Co-PBA cages; SEM (q) and TEM (r,s) images of Co-PBA cages; SEM (t) and TEM (u,v) images of cobaltosic oxide nanocages. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [88]. Copyright 2016, Royal Society of Chemistry.
Fig. 6. Nanocage with corner holes. (a) Schematic of the reaction process of hierarchical multi-shelled (approach A) and multicompositional (approach B) metal-oxide microboxes prepared from metal-organic framework templates. TEM images of Fe(OH)3 microboxes prepared from 0.02 (b) and 0.2 (c) M NaOH solution at room temperature; (d) TEM images of hierarchical Fe(OH)3 microboxes having a single shell prepared in 0.2 M NaOH solution in 80 °C; (e-g) TEM images of hierarchical Fe(OH)3 microboxes having multi-shells prepared in 2-4 M NaOH solution at 80 °C. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [91]. Copyright 2016, American Chemical Society. (h,i) SEM and TEM of yolk-shell PB. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [92]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier. (j,k) High-magnification SEM and TEM images of MnFe-PBA. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [90]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier.
Fig. 7. FESEM images of PBA-coated cobaltous hydroxide on NF after growth for 20 min (a), 1 h (b), 3 h (c), and 6 h (d); (e) Changes in the pH of solutions of 30 × 10-3 M K3Fe(CN)6 and cobaltous hydroxide during deposition on a NF electrode from 0 to 11 h. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [21]. Copyright 2019, Wiley-VCH. SEM images of Cu-FePBA/CF before (f) and after (g) acid etching; (h) TEM image of hollow acid-etched Cu-FePBA/CF; SEM images of PB/Fe (i), SnFePBA/Sn (j), ZnFePBA/Zn (k), NiFePBA/NF (l) samples, and APB/Fe (m), ASnFePBA/Sn (n), AZnFePBA/Zn (o), and ANiFePBA/NF (p) samples etched with acid. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [122]. Copyright 2019, Wiley-VCH.
Fig. 9. (a) SEM image of NiFeII-PBA obtained from NF calcined at 400 °C; (b) Linear sweep voltammetry curves in 1.0 M KOH containing NiFeII-PBA annealed from 300 to 800 °C. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [151]. Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society. (c) Schematic showing the thermal decomposition of small PB cubes, small hollow PB cubes, and large hollow PB cubes. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [152]. Copyright 2012, American Chemical Society. FESEM images of PBA cubes grown on different substrates. (d) Co3O4 nanosheets; (e) Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles; (f) NiCo2(OH)x nanosheets; (g) Co(OH)F nanowires; (h) MnO2 nanosheets; (i) Cu(OH)2 nanowires. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [21]. Copyright 2019, Wiley-VCH.
Fig. 10. (a) Schematic illustration of the shape-controlled synthesis of PBAs; (b) FESEM images of Mn1.0Fe0.8Co1.2O4; (c) Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) curves obtained during the OER using MnxFe1.8-xCo1.2O4. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [155]. Copyright 2016, Royal Society of Chemistry; (d) Schematic of the low-temperature air plasma treatment of Co-PBA; (e) OER LSV of pristine and plasma-treated Co-PBA samples under industry-compatible conditions. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [156]. Copyright 2018, Wiley-VCH.
Fig. 11. (a) Schematic of the synthesis of FeP/HCNB. (b) TEM images of FeP/HCNB. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [159]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier. (c) Schematic of the synthesis of Fe-CoP nanocages. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [160]. Copyright 2020, Elsevier. (d) Schematic of the synthesis of porous Fe-CoP/NF; (e) Controlled-current electrolysis current density traces at different current densities for Fe-CoP/NF in alkaline media; (f) LSV curves of corresponding catalysts. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [161]. Copyright 2018, Wiley-VCH.
Fig. 12. (a) Schematic of the synthesis of Ni(OH)2, NiO, and Ni-P porous nanoplates from a NiNi-PBA; (b) TEM image of Ni-P porous nanoplates; (c) LSV curves of Ni-P, Ni(OH)2 and NiO porous nanoplates in alkaline media. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [166]. Copyright 2016, Royal Society of Chemistry. (d) Schematic of the synthesis of N-doped C/Ni5P4/Fe3P hollow cubes; (e) High-resolution TEM images of N-doped C/Ni5P4/Fe3P hollow cubes; (f) LSV plots of SiO2-coated N-doped C/Ni5P4/Fe3P hollow cubes and other samples for comparison. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [167]. Copyright 2017, Royal Society of Chemistry.
Fig. 13. SEM (a) and high-resolution TEM (b) images of hollow Co3S4@MoS2 heterostructures; (c) Polarization curves of Co3S4@MoS2, MoS2, Co3S4, and RuO2 electrodes for the OER in 1.0 M KOH; (d) Polarization curves of Co3S4@MoS2, MoS2, Co3S4, and Pt/C electrodes for the HER in a 1 M KOH solution. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [181]. Copyright 2018, Elsevier. (e) Schematic display of the synthesis of (Ni,Co)Se-GA for water splitting electrocatalysis. (Ni,Co)Se2-GA decorated on Ni foam for OER (f) and HER (g) electrocatalysis in 1.0 M KOH solution, as well as (Ni,Co)Se2, GA, and RuO2 for comparison. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [183]. Copyright 2017, American Chemical Society. (h) Fabrication steps for Co9S8@NC hybrid composites; (i) LSV plots of Co9S8. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [170]. Copyright 2018, Royal Society of Chemistry.
Fig. 14. (a) Schematic of the construction of Ti-Fe mixed sulfide nanoboxes; (b) TEM images of the Ti-Fe PBA nanoboxes; LSV curves (c), and chronopotentiometry (d) of the c-Ti-Fe-S nanobox catalyst. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [184]. Copyright 2018, Royal Society of Chemistry.
Fig. 15. (a) Schematic of the fabrication of carbon-coated hollow mesoporous FeP microcubes; (b) high-resolution TEM image of carbon-coated hollow mesoporous FeP@C microcube; (c) Polarization curves of Pt/C, carbon-coated hollow mesoporous FeP microcubes, FeP nanoparticles, and carbon-coated hollow Fe3O4 microcubes in acidic media. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [191]. Copyright 2016, Royal Society of Chemistry. (d) Schematic of the preparation of Co@Co-N/rGO. (e) LSV curves for different catalysts in 1 M KOH solution. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [192]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier. (f) Schematic of the preparation of O-CNT/NiFe. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [193]. Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society.
Fig. 16. (a,b) Schematic of the preparation of hollow and bamboo-like structures at various annealing temperatures. (c) LSV plots of the encapsulated nanostructures in 0.1 M KOH. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [194]. Copyright 2016, Royal Society of Chemistry. (d,e) Schematic display of the ultrafast microwave-assisted preparation of M@NC/rGO, as well as a corresponding TEM image; (f) IR-Corrected polarization curves of FeNi@NC/RGO, FeNi/HRGO, FeNi@NC, and IrO2. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [195]. Copyright 2018, Royal Society of Chemistry.
Fig. 17. Schematic of HER (left) and OER (right) polarization curves for water electrolysis. The cathode (ηc) and anode (ηa) potentials require the same current density (j).
Fig. 19. (a) Schematic demonstration of the formation of Co-PBA/CdS (beaded structure); (b) EDS elemental mapping of Co, N, Cd, and S in Co-PBA/CdS synthesized at relatively low temperatures with 82.6 wt% Co-PBA (PB-Co/CdS-LT-3); (c,d) Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rates and catalytic durability of PB-Co/CdS-LT-3. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [254]. Copyright 2021, American Chemical Society.
Fig. 20. (a) Schematic demonstration of two-step sulfidation for the synthesis of CdS frame-in-cage particles; TEM images of Cd-PBA cubes (b), Cd-PBA cube-in-CdS cage particles (c), and CdS frame-in-cage particles (d); (e) PHE rates of CdS cubes, CdS cages, and CdS frame-in-cage particles. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [258]. Copyright 2020, Wiley-VCH.
Catalyst | Sacrificial reagent | PHE rate (μmol h-1 g-1) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
PB-Co/CdS-LT-3 | Lactic acid | 57228 | [ |
CdS frame-in-cage particles | Na2S and Na2SO3 | 13600 | [ |
g-C3N4-7% Fe2N | TEOA | 88.7 | [ |
CdS-YS | Na2S and Na2SO3 | 3051.4 | [ |
FNS@ZIS-2 | — | 10465 | [ |
Cd0.5Zn0.5S | Na2SO3 and Na2S | 4341.6 | [ |
PBA-TiO2 (Janus) | TEOA and NaIO3 | 198 | [ |
Table 2 Summary of the PHE performances of representative PBA-derived photocatalysts.
Catalyst | Sacrificial reagent | PHE rate (μmol h-1 g-1) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
PB-Co/CdS-LT-3 | Lactic acid | 57228 | [ |
CdS frame-in-cage particles | Na2S and Na2SO3 | 13600 | [ |
g-C3N4-7% Fe2N | TEOA | 88.7 | [ |
CdS-YS | Na2S and Na2SO3 | 3051.4 | [ |
FNS@ZIS-2 | — | 10465 | [ |
Cd0.5Zn0.5S | Na2SO3 and Na2S | 4341.6 | [ |
PBA-TiO2 (Janus) | TEOA and NaIO3 | 198 | [ |
Electrocatalyst | j (mA cm-2) | η (mV) | Tafel slope (mV dec-1) | Electrolyte | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Co3S4@MoS2 | 10 | 136 | 74 | 1 M KOH | [ |
(Ni,Co)Se2-GA | 10 | 128 | 70 | 1 M KOH | [ |
P-Co0.9Ni0.9Fe1.2 NCs | 10 | 200.7 | 50.5 | 1 M KOH | [ |
nPBA@Co(OH)2/NF | 10 | 290 | 130 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Fe-CoxP NCs | 10 | 127 | 55 | 0.5 M H2SO4 | [ |
P-S-24 | 10 | 61 | 67 | 1 M KOH | [ |
MoS2-NiNi PBA | 10 | 144 | 39.5 | 0.5 M H2SO4 | [ |
CNBO-NSs | 10 | 140 | 116 | 1 M KOH | [ |
NCF-MOF | 10 | 270 | 114 | 0.1 M KOH | [ |
FeP/GA | 10 | 150 | 65 | 0.5 M H2SO4 | [ |
10 | 240 | 142 | 1 M KOH | ||
MoS2-NiNi PBA | 10 | 144 | 39.5 | 0.5 M H2SO4 | [ |
Co@NG-acid | 10 | 200 | 112 | 1 M KOH | [ |
FeCo | 10 | 149 | 77 | 1 M KOH | [ |
NCF-MOF | 10 | 270 | 114 | 0.1 M KOH | [ |
Ni-Co-P-300 | 10 | 150 | 60.6 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Fe-CoP HTPAs | 10 | 98 | 90 | 1 M KOH | [ |
MoP@PC | 10 | 51 | 45 | 0.5 M H2SO4 | [ |
FeP/GA | 10 | 150 | 65 | 1 M KOH | [ |
(Ni,Co)Se2-GA | 10 | 128 | 79 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Fe-CoxP NCs | 10 | 125 | 55 | 0.5 M H2SO4 | [ |
Ni-Co-MoS2 | 10 | 155 | 51 | 0.5 M H2SO4 | [ |
Ni-Fe-P | 10 | 98 | 50 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Ni2P/NiCoP@NCCs | 10 | 116 | 79 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Co0.6Fe0.4P | 10 | 133 | 61 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Co@Co-N/rGO | 10 | 180 | 43 | 1 M KOH | [ |
FeP NPs | 10 | 115 | 56 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Mn0.6Co0.4P-rGO | 10 | 54 | 63 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Fe-CoP | 10 | 78 | 92 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Table 3 Summary of the HER activities of several PB/PBAs-based electrocatalysts in different electrolytes.
Electrocatalyst | j (mA cm-2) | η (mV) | Tafel slope (mV dec-1) | Electrolyte | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Co3S4@MoS2 | 10 | 136 | 74 | 1 M KOH | [ |
(Ni,Co)Se2-GA | 10 | 128 | 70 | 1 M KOH | [ |
P-Co0.9Ni0.9Fe1.2 NCs | 10 | 200.7 | 50.5 | 1 M KOH | [ |
nPBA@Co(OH)2/NF | 10 | 290 | 130 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Fe-CoxP NCs | 10 | 127 | 55 | 0.5 M H2SO4 | [ |
P-S-24 | 10 | 61 | 67 | 1 M KOH | [ |
MoS2-NiNi PBA | 10 | 144 | 39.5 | 0.5 M H2SO4 | [ |
CNBO-NSs | 10 | 140 | 116 | 1 M KOH | [ |
NCF-MOF | 10 | 270 | 114 | 0.1 M KOH | [ |
FeP/GA | 10 | 150 | 65 | 0.5 M H2SO4 | [ |
10 | 240 | 142 | 1 M KOH | ||
MoS2-NiNi PBA | 10 | 144 | 39.5 | 0.5 M H2SO4 | [ |
Co@NG-acid | 10 | 200 | 112 | 1 M KOH | [ |
FeCo | 10 | 149 | 77 | 1 M KOH | [ |
NCF-MOF | 10 | 270 | 114 | 0.1 M KOH | [ |
Ni-Co-P-300 | 10 | 150 | 60.6 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Fe-CoP HTPAs | 10 | 98 | 90 | 1 M KOH | [ |
MoP@PC | 10 | 51 | 45 | 0.5 M H2SO4 | [ |
FeP/GA | 10 | 150 | 65 | 1 M KOH | [ |
(Ni,Co)Se2-GA | 10 | 128 | 79 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Fe-CoxP NCs | 10 | 125 | 55 | 0.5 M H2SO4 | [ |
Ni-Co-MoS2 | 10 | 155 | 51 | 0.5 M H2SO4 | [ |
Ni-Fe-P | 10 | 98 | 50 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Ni2P/NiCoP@NCCs | 10 | 116 | 79 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Co0.6Fe0.4P | 10 | 133 | 61 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Co@Co-N/rGO | 10 | 180 | 43 | 1 M KOH | [ |
FeP NPs | 10 | 115 | 56 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Mn0.6Co0.4P-rGO | 10 | 54 | 63 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Fe-CoP | 10 | 78 | 92 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Electrocatalyst | j (mA cm-2) | η (mV) | Tafel slope (mV dec-1) | Electrolyte | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Co3S4@MoS2 | 10 | 280 | 43 | 1 M KOH | [ |
(Ni,Co)Se2-GA | 10 | 250 | 70 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Co9S8@NC-800 | 10 | ≈302 | 67 | 0.1 M KOH | [ |
Fe-CoP/NF | 10 | 190 | 36 | 1 M KOH | [ |
P-Co0.9Ni0.9Fe1.2 NCs P-S-NiFe NCs P-NiFe-800 NPs CoP/NC | 10 10 10 10 | 273.1 270 270.1 350 | 46.9 35 39 57 | 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH | [ [ [ [ |
Fe-CoP cage Ni-Co PBA cages NiFe/NF nPBA@Co(OH)2/NF CuFe oxide/CF (Ni,Co)Se2 (NiFe)PS3 P-S-24 FCN-40-P NiFe(OH)x/CP | 10 10 80 20 20 10 10 10 100 10 10 | 300 380 270 270 270 300 278 275 268 265 261 | 35.2 50 28 33 46 68 65 41.7 27 52 33.8 | 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 0.1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH | [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ |
FeCoP-400 NixCo3-xO4/NF Fe-Co-F-400 Fe-NiO/CC CNBO-NSs NCF-MOF CoSe2 NBs O-NiFe@C-600 | 100 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 | 303 261 287 250 218 300 320 335 300 | 33.8 50 88 38.3 47 60 119 54.2 56.72 | 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 0.1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH | [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ |
CoFe@NC-NCNT-H | 10 | 380 | 99.6 | 0.1 M KOH | [ |
Table 4 Summary of the OER activities of PB/PBAs-based electrocatalysts in different electrolytes.
Electrocatalyst | j (mA cm-2) | η (mV) | Tafel slope (mV dec-1) | Electrolyte | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Co3S4@MoS2 | 10 | 280 | 43 | 1 M KOH | [ |
(Ni,Co)Se2-GA | 10 | 250 | 70 | 1 M KOH | [ |
Co9S8@NC-800 | 10 | ≈302 | 67 | 0.1 M KOH | [ |
Fe-CoP/NF | 10 | 190 | 36 | 1 M KOH | [ |
P-Co0.9Ni0.9Fe1.2 NCs P-S-NiFe NCs P-NiFe-800 NPs CoP/NC | 10 10 10 10 | 273.1 270 270.1 350 | 46.9 35 39 57 | 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH | [ [ [ [ |
Fe-CoP cage Ni-Co PBA cages NiFe/NF nPBA@Co(OH)2/NF CuFe oxide/CF (Ni,Co)Se2 (NiFe)PS3 P-S-24 FCN-40-P NiFe(OH)x/CP | 10 10 80 20 20 10 10 10 100 10 10 | 300 380 270 270 270 300 278 275 268 265 261 | 35.2 50 28 33 46 68 65 41.7 27 52 33.8 | 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 0.1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH | [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ |
FeCoP-400 NixCo3-xO4/NF Fe-Co-F-400 Fe-NiO/CC CNBO-NSs NCF-MOF CoSe2 NBs O-NiFe@C-600 | 100 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 | 303 261 287 250 218 300 320 335 300 | 33.8 50 88 38.3 47 60 119 54.2 56.72 | 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH 0.1 M KOH 1 M KOH 1 M KOH | [ [ [ [ [ [ [ [ |
CoFe@NC-NCNT-H | 10 | 380 | 99.6 | 0.1 M KOH | [ |
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[1] | 李旭力, 李宁, 高旸钦, 戈磊. 中空纳米材料的构建原理及其在光催化制氢和二氧化碳还原反应中的应用[J]. 催化学报, 2022, 43(3): 679-707. |
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[3] | 许章炼;王晟;王騊;王维;陈文兴. SiO2-TiO2中空型界面光催化剂的制备及性能[J]. 催化学报, 2008, 29(10): 987-991. |
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