催化学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 87: 87-99.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65075-9

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

入射光切换调控空心等离子激元TiO2/AuCu@COF核壳光催化剂的CO2还原产物选择性

袁欣a,1, 吴林艺a,1, 曹凤莹a, 徐乐楚a, 王鹏b, 石胡琳a, 仲淑贤b,*(), 刘炼a, 莫伟豪c,*(), 赵雷洪a, 柏嵩a,*()   

  1. a 浙江师范大学化学与材料科学学院, 先进催化材料教育部重点实验室, 全省先进催化与吸附材料重点实验室, 浙江金华 321004
    b 浙江师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 全省流域环境数智监测与修复重点实验室, 浙江金华 321004
    c 攀枝花学院生物与化学工程学院, 四川攀枝花 617000
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-27 接受日期:2026-02-01 出版日期:2026-08-18 发布日期:2026-06-24
  • 通讯作者: *电子信箱: shuxian@zjnu.edu.cn (仲淑贤),
    whaomo@163.com (莫伟豪),
    songbai@zjnu.edu.cn (柏嵩).
  • 作者简介:1共同第一作者.
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(22572174);浙江省自然科学基金(LMS25B030006);浙江省自然科学基金(LY20B030003);浙江省“尖兵” “领雁”研发公关计划(2023C03148);金华市科技计划项目(2024-4-011);浙江省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202510345033)

Light-switchable product selectivity in CO2 photoreduction over hollow plasmonic TiO2/AuCu@COF core-shell architectures

Xin Yuana,1, Linyi Wua,1, Fengying Caoa, Lechu Xua, Peng Wangb, Hulin Shia, Shuxian Zhongb,*(), Lian Liua, Weihao Moc,*(), Leihong Zhaoa, Song Baia,*()   

  1. a Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis and Adsorption Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, China
    b Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Digital Intelligence Monitoring and Restoration of Watershed Environment, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, China
    c School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2025-11-27 Accepted:2026-02-01 Online:2026-08-18 Published:2026-06-24
  • About author:1Contributed equally to this work.
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(22572174);Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LMS25B030006);Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LY20B030003);Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(2023C03148);Foundation of Science and Technology Bureau of Jinhua(2024-4-011);College Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Zhejiang Province(S202510345033)

摘要:

太阳光驱动CO2和H2O转化为高价值化学品和燃料, 是实现碳循环闭环、缓解全球能源与环境危机的重要途径. 然而, 较差的产物选择性严重限制了该技术的实际应用. CO2光还原包含多步质子耦合电子转移过程, 经由不同反应路径可生成多样的C1和C2+产物. 尽管提升目标产物选择性已成为研究热点, 但现有策略仍主要依赖于光催化剂自身的精确调控. 相比之下, 基于入射光波长切换的产物选择性调控策略, 可有效规避繁琐的催化剂优化过程, 在最大化光能转换效率的同时, 实现无需催化剂更换或改性的产物灵活切换, 为按需调控CO2还原产物开辟了简便高效的新途径. 因此, 构建入射光波长响应型CO2还原催化体系意义重大.

本文制备了一种具有空心核壳结构的等离子激元TiO2/AuCu@TB-COF(TACT)异质结, 通过改变入射光波长实现了纯水体系中CO2光还原产物选择性的精准调控. 该催化剂以紫外光响应的TiO2空心球为内核, 以增强入射光的多重反射和散射; 同时吸收紫外光和可见光的多孔TB-COF(TAPT-BTCA-COF, 其中TAPT = 4,4',4''-(1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6-三基)三苯胺, BTCA = 1,3,5-均苯三甲醛)为外壳, 以促进反应物和产物的高效传质. 此外, 将具有可见光吸收特性的等离子激元AuCu纳米粒子嵌入TiO2核与TB-COF壳之间以促进界面电荷转移过程. 原位光照X-射线光电子能谱技术结合光电化学测试表明, 在紫外光照射下, TiO2核和TB-COF壳产生的光生电子均迁移至位于两者中间的AuCu进行CO2还原反应, 有效促进了载流子的空间分离, 使得更多电子和空穴参与CO2还原和H2O氧化过程. 此外, 原位傅里叶变换红外光谱和密度泛函理论计算表明, TiO2核提供了高效的H2O氧化位点, 加速了O2析出和质子释放, 而AuCu能够稳定*CO中间体使其经历连续加氢过程而非直接脱附. 得益于充足的电子和质子供应以及更有利的CO2甲烷化路径, TACT实现了343.9 μmol gcat-1 h-1的CH4产率和98.7%的CH4选择性. 相反, 在可见光照射下, 尽管AuCu具有电磁近场增强效应并能将热电子注入到TB-COF中, 但光生电子和空穴均集中在COF壳层上, 分别进行CO2还原和H2O氧化反应, 从而降低了载流子分离效率. 此外, TB-COF表面较缓慢的H2O氧化析氧动力学延缓了质子释放速率, 而且*CO中间体在TB-COF表面更易发生脱附而非连续加氢. 由于有限的电子和质子供应, 加之*CO更易发生脱附, TACT选择性地将CO2还原为CO, 其产率和选择性分别为132.7 μmol gcat-1 h-1和86.6%.

综上, 本文通过切换TACT异质结催化剂的入射光波长, 成功实现了CO2光还原产物选择性的调控. 该工作揭示了依赖于入射光波长的载流子传输路径、质子供应速率及中间体吸附-脱附行为对产物选择性的协同调控机制, 为开发智能化人工光合成体系提供了新策略.

关键词: 光控催化剂, CO2还原, H2O氧化, 电子与质子差异化供给, *CO中间体不同反应路径

Abstract:

The development of photo-switchable CO2 reduction catalysts capable of selectively generating two distinct target products under different light irradiation holds significant potential for achieving multifunctional catalysis and enhancing economic viability in industrial applications, yet remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we demonstrate a hollow core-shell plasmonic TiO2/AuCu@TB-COF (TACT) photocatalyst that achieves 343.9 μmol gcat-1 h-1 activity and 98.7% selectivity toward CH4 under ultraviolet (UV) light, but switches to 132.7 μmol gcat-1 h-1 activity with 86.6% selectivity for CO under visible light in pure water without altering any other reaction conditions. Comprehensive mechanistic studies reveal that UV and visible light selectively excite different components, inducing distinct interfacial charge transfer routes. This not only endows TACT with higher charge separation efficiency under UV light versus visible light, but also directs photocarriers to different active sites for redox reactions depending on the irradiation wavelength. Specifically, H2O oxidation occurring on the TiO2 core under UV light more favorably promotes O2 evolution and proton liberation compared to oxidation on the TB-COF shell under visible light. For CO2 reduction, UV light drives consecutive hydrogenation of *CO intermediates on the AuCu sites, whereas visible light preferentially induces *CO desorption from the TB-COF surface. The contrasting electron and proton supply, combined with the divergent fates of *CO intermediates, collectively govern the wavelength-dependent CO2 reduction pathways.

Key words: Photo-switchable catalyst, CO2 reduction, H2O oxidation, Differential electron and proton supply, Divergent *CO intermediate fate