催化学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (11): 1727-1732.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1088.2011.10643

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

Ru-[bmim]BF4 的制备及催化苯选择加氢反应性能

秦燕飞, 薛伟a, 李芳, 王延吉b, 魏珺芳   

  1. 河北工业大学化工学院绿色化工与高效节能河北省重点实验室, 天津 300130
  • 收稿日期:2011-06-21 修回日期:2011-07-31 出版日期:2011-11-14 发布日期:2015-03-30

Preparation of Ru-[bmim]BF4 and Its Catalytic Performance for Selective Hydrogenation of Benzene

QIN Yanfei, XUE Weia, LI Fang, WANG Yanjib, WEI Junfang   

  1. Hebei Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Technology and High Efficient Energy Saving, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
  • Received:2011-06-21 Revised:2011-07-31 Online:2011-11-14 Published:2015-03-30

摘要: 以离子液体 1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐 ([bmim]BF4)-水混合溶剂为介质, 采用化学还原法制备了 Ru-[bmim]BF4 催化剂, 并利用紫外-可见光谱、红外光谱、透射电镜、X 射线衍射和 X 射线光电子能谱对催化剂进行了表征. 结果表明, Ru 在[bmim]BF4 中分散较好, 粒径~2 nm, 且离子液体中咪唑阳离子与部分 Ru 形成了金属卡宾配合物. 利用苯选择加氢反应对该催化剂性能进行了评价, 发现 Ru-卡宾配合物存在时, 催化剂活性较低, 但环己烯选择性较高. 在本文反应条件下, 苯转化率为 12.2%, 环己烯选择性为 40.5%. 重复使用该催化剂时, 由于 Ru-卡宾配合物在反应中转变为 Ru0, 其催化活性增加, 但环己烯选择性下降. 继续多次使用该催化剂, 其性能基本保持稳定.

关键词: 钌, 1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐, 钌-卡宾配合物, 苯, 选择加氢, 环己烯

Abstract: Ru-[bmim]BF4 catalyst was prepared in the mixed solvent of ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim]BF4) and H2O by chemical reduction and was characterized by ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that Ru nanoparticles of about 2 nm were highly dispersed in the ionic liquid, and a Ru-carbene complex was obtained between imidazolium cations of [bmim]BF4 and some of Ru particles. The catalytic performance of the catalyst for benzene selective hydrogenation was evaluated. The catalyst showed poor activity but high cyclohexene selectivity in the presence of the Ru-carbene complex. Cyclohexene selectivity was up to 40.5% at 12.2% benzene conversion. When the catalyst was reused, its catalytic activity increased but the selectivity declined. This was due to the transformation from Ru-carbene complex to Ru0 during the reaction process. In addition, the catalytic performance of Ru-[bmim]BF4 remained stable when it was reused further.

Key words: ruthenium, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, ruthenium-carbene complex, benzene, selective hydrogenation, cyclohexene