Chinese Journal of Catalysis ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 571-578.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(15)61043-9

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Iron(III) phthalocyanine chloride-catalyzed oxidation-aromatization of α,β-unsaturated ketones with hydrazine hydrate: Synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted 1H-pyrazoles

Junlong Zhao, Jun Qiu, Xiaofeng Gou, Chengwen Hua, Bang Chen   

  1. Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2015-11-12 Revised:2016-01-13 Online:2016-03-30 Published:2016-03-30
  • Contact: Junlong Zhao
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the Industrial Research Project of Shaanxi Science and Technology Department(2014K08-29), Science and Technology Plan Project of Xi'an(CXY1511(7)), and Scientific Research Foundation of Northwest University.

Abstract:

We have developed an iron(III) phthalocyanine chloride-catalyzed oxidation-aromatization of α,β-unsaturated ketones with hydrazine hydrate. Various 3,5-disubstituted 1H-pyrazoles were obtained in good to excellent yields. This method offers several advantages, including room- temperature conditions, short reaction time, high yields, simple work-up procedure, and use of air as an oxidant. The catalyst can be recovered and reused five times without loss of activity.

Key words: Iron(III) phthalocyanine chloride, Aromatization, Pyrazole, Michael addition, Recyclable catalyst, Green chemistry