Chinese Journal of Catalysis ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (7): 1598-1617.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(21)64029-9

• Special column on catalytic conversion of CO2 Previous Articles     Next Articles

Recent advances in fixation of CO2 into organic carbamates through multicomponent reaction strategies

Lu Wang, Chaorong Qi(), Wenfang Xiong, Huanfeng Jiang()   

  1. Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, China
  • Received:2021-11-17 Accepted:2022-01-26 Online:2022-07-18 Published:2022-05-20
  • Contact: Chaorong Qi, Huanfeng Jiang
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(21971073);National Natural Science Foundation of China(21572071);Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2017A030313054);Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2019A1515011468)

Abstract:

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the main greenhouse gas and also an ideal C1 feedstock in organic synthesis because it is abundant, non-toxic, nonflammable, and renewable. The synthesis of organic carbamates using CO2 as a phosgene alternative has attracted extensive attention because of the importance of carbamates in organic synthesis and in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. In recent decades, many multicomponent reaction strategies have been designed for constructing different types of organic carbamate molecules. Most of these methods rely on the in situ generation of carbamate anions from CO2 and amines, followed by reactions with other coupling partners. Synthetic strategies for acyclic carbamates include nucleophile-electrophile coupling, nucleophile-nucleophile oxidative coupling, difunctionalization of unsaturated hydrocarbons, and C-H bond functionalization. Strategies for the synthesizing cyclic carbamates include carboxylative cyclization of in situ-generated unsaturated amines and difunctionalization of unsaturated amines with CO2 and other electrophilic reagents. This review summarizes the recent advances in the synthesis of organic carbamates from CO2 using different multicomponent reaction strategies. Future perspectives and challenges in the incorporation of CO2 into carbamates are also presented.

Key words: Carbon dioxide, Amines, Carbamate, Multicomponent reaction, Synthetic strategy