Insights into synthesis of ZSM-23 zeolite nanosheets

doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65085-1

Abstract

Abstract:

Precise control of crystal growth allows for zeolites with tailored morphology, and one of the typical zeolite families is one-dimensional zeolites such as ZSM-23, which normally displays a needle-like morphology with micron-level length. This morphology not only strongly influences catalytic performances but also has potentially healthy issue. Herein, we for the first time show a successful synthesis of ZSM-23 zeolite nanosheets with a thickness of only about 10 nm from a novel gemini-type quaternary ammonium as an organic template. Characterizations of the samples demonstrate that ZSM-23 zeolite nanosheets along a and b axes have high crystallinity, large external surface area, and fully four-coordinated aluminum species. Very importantly, ZSM-23 zeolite nanosheets exhibit higher n-hexadecane (C₁₆) conversion and iso-C₁₆ yield in n-C₁₆ hydroisomerization than those of conventional ZSM-23 zeolite synthesized from N,N-dimethylformamide. These findings offer a favorable opportunity for the subsequent development of efficient zeolite catalysts in the future.

Key words: ZSM-23 zeolite, Nanosheets, Organic template, Hydroisomerization

Pei Liu, Xiaona Liu, Lei Zhang, Yi Zhai, Yan Tong, Jianfeng Luo, Qinming Wu, Wei Chen, Xiaohui Du, Xiaolong Liu, Zhongmin Liu, Feng-Shou Xiao. Insights into synthesis of ZSM-23 zeolite nanosheets[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2026, 88: 506-515.

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URL: https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65085-1

https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/Y2026/V88/I9/506

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1. Low-magnification (A), and high-magnification (B) SEM images, low-magnification TEM image (C), high-magnification TEM images of the ZSM-23-N zeolite nanosheets and the corresponding projections of MTT framework along [001] (D), and [210] (E), respectively. Statistical distribution of nanosheet width (F), length (G), and thickness (H), respectively.

Fig. 2. Characterizations of ZSM-23-N zeolite nanosheets. 27Al MAS NMR (A), 29Si MAS NMR (B), 13C MAS NMR (C) of the template solution (a) and the as-synthesized ZSM-23-N zeolite nanosheets (b) dissolved in HF solution, TG-DTA curves (D), Ar sorption isotherms (E), and pore size distribution (F).

Fig. 3. Structures and stabilization energies of two different OSDAs in ZSM-23 zeolite: Bis-Benz-Pyr2+ (A) and pyrrolidine (B). Zeolite slabs with or without Bis-Benz-Pyr2+ on the surface and the corresponding formation energies: [001] (C), [010] (E), and [100] (G) slabs without OSDA, [001] (D), [010] (F), and [100] (H) slabs with OSDA.

Fig. 4. Crystallization of ZSM-23-N zeolite nanosheets. XRD patterns (A) and SEM images (B) of samples crystallized at 24 h (a), 48 h (b), 60 h (c), 66 h (d), 72 h (e), 78 h (f), 84 h (g), and 90 h (h), respectively. Scale bar = 2 μm.

Fig. 5. High-magnification TEM images of ZSM-23-N zeolite nanosheets crystallized at 24 h (A), 48 h (B), 72 h (C), and 84 h (D).

Fig. 6. Dependences of the n-C16 conversion (A), iso-C16 selectivity (B), and iso-C16 yield (C) as a function of reaction temperature over Pt/H-ZSM-23-N and Pt/H-ZSM-23-C catalysts.

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