Chinese Journal of Catalysis ›› 2026, Vol. 85: 226-236.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65019-X
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Puyu Dua,1, Yi Shenb,1, Tao Pengb, Zisheng Yub, Tingting Dub, Meng Maa, Hongyu Heb, Zhilin Jiab, Yang Liua, Shaohua Shenb(
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Received:2025-09-27
Accepted:2025-11-24
Online:2026-06-18
Published:2026-05-18
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*E-mail: shshen_xjtu@mail.xjtu.edu.cn (S. Shen).About author:1Contributed equally to this work.
‡P. Du and ‡Y. Shen carried out the sample preparation, characterizations and theoretical calculations. T. Peng and Z. Yu detected the HMFOR liquid products and H2 product. M. Ma conducted the electrochemical measurements. T. Du, H. He, and Z. Jia helped with the in-situ Raman spectra measurements. Y. Liu helped the assembly of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) electrolyzer. P. Du and Y. Shen conceived the idea and supervised the project. Y. Shen and S. Shen wrote the paper. All authors have given approval to the final version of the manuscript. ‡These authors contributed equally.
Supported by:Puyu Du, Yi Shen, Tao Peng, Zisheng Yu, Tingting Du, Meng Ma, Hongyu He, Zhilin Jia, Yang Liu, Shaohua Shen. Steering adsorption behavior of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural at CuAu alloys for one-electron dehydrogenation electrocatalysis pairing anodic 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid and bipolar hydrogen production[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2026, 85: 226-236.
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URL: https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65019-X
Fig. 1. (a) Schemed process for the synthesis of CuxAu1-x (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1). SEM image (b), EDX images (c), and HRTEM image (d) of Cu0.25Au0.75. (e) XRD patterns of Au, Cu0.25Au0.75, Cu0.5Au0.5, Cu0.75Au0.25 and Cu. (f) Cu 2p XPS spectra of Cu and Cu0.25Au0.75. (g) Au 4f XPS spectra of Au and Cu0.25Au0.75.
Fig. 2. (a) LSV curves of Au, Cu0.25Au0.75 and Cu in 1 mol L-1 KOH solution with 50 mmol L-1 HMF. (b) LSV curves of Cu0.25Au0.75 in 1 mol L-1 KOH solution with and without 50 mmol L-1 HMF. (c) HMF conversion, HMFCA yield and FE for HMFOR over Au, Cu0.25Au0.75 and Cu at 0.4 V vs. RHE. Concentrations of HMF, oxidation products (d) and volume of H2 produced (e) during HMFOR over Cu0.25Au0.75 at 0.4 V vs. RHE. (f) HMFOR performance of Cu0.25Au0.75 for ten cycles at 0.4 V vs. RHE. Nyquist plots (g), Tafel slopes (h), and TOF values (i) in 1 mol L-1 KOH solution with 50 mmol L-1 HMF.
Fig. 3. (a) Time dependent open-circuit potentials of Au, Cu0.25Au0.75 and Cu in 1 mol L-1 KOH solution before and after HMF injection. In-situ Raman spectra collected at 200-650 cm-1 of Au (b), Cu0.25Au0.75 (c), and Cu (d) in 1 mol L-1 KOH solution containing 50 mmol L-1 HMF. (e) I-t curves for HMFOR over Cu0.25Au0.75 and Au at 0.4 V vs. RHE, with surface adsorbed HMF cleaned by DI water. (f) In-situ Raman spectra collected at 800-2150 cm-1 for Cu0.25Au0.75 in 1 mol L-1 KOH solution containing 50 mmol L-1 HMF. (g) In-situ DEMS signals of m/z?=?2, 3 and 4 detected over Cu0.25Au0.75 during HMFOR.
Fig. 4. (a) PDOS of Cu for Cu0.25Au0.75 and Cu. (b) PDOS of Au for Cu0.25Au0.75 and Au. (c) Calculated adsorption energy of HMF at Au, Cu0.25Au0.75 and Cu. (d) Gibbs free energy diagrams of HMFOR over Au, Cu0.25Au0.75, and Cu. (e) Desorption energy (ΔGdes) of HMFCA on Au, Cu0.25Au0.75 and Cu. (f) Schemed HMF adsorption and HMFCA desorption behaviors at Au, Cu0.25Au0.75 and Cu.
Fig. 5. (a) Schematic illustration of HMFOR and HER in MEA electrolyzer. (b) LSV curves of Cu0.25Au0.75 in 1 mol L-1 KOH electrolyte with and without 50 mmol L-1 HMF in MEA electrolyzer. (c) Anode products and FE over Cu0.25Au0.75 in MEA electrolyzer. (d) Experimentally collected and theoretically calculated amounts of H2 at different accumulated charges. (e) HMFOR performance of Cu0.25Au0.75 for five cycles at 0.45 V.
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