新兴的二维金属烯: 结构调控和电催化应用进展

doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(21)64022-6

催化学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (11): 2802-2814.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(21)64022-6

新兴的二维金属烯: 结构调控和电催化应用进展

武建栋, 赵晓^*(), 崔小强^#(), 郑伟涛^$()

吉林大学材料科学与工程学院, 汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室, 汽车材料教育部重点实验室, 吉林长春 130012

收稿日期:2022-03-04 接受日期:2022-05-09 出版日期:2022-11-18 发布日期:2022-10-20
通讯作者: 赵晓,崔小强,郑伟涛
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51872116);国家自然科学基金(12034002);吉林省开发改革委员会自主创新建设项目(2021C026);吉林大学科技创新研究团队项目(JLUSTIRT);吉林大学科技创新研究团队项目(2017TD-09);吉林省科技开发计划(20190201233JC);中央高校基本研究经费

Emerging two-dimensional metallenes: Recent advances in structural regulations and electrocatalytic applications

Jiandong Wu, Xiao Zhao^*(), Xiaoqiang Cui^#(), Weitao Zheng^$()

State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China

Received:2022-03-04 Accepted:2022-05-09 Online:2022-11-18 Published:2022-10-20
Contact: Xiao Zhao, Xiaoqiang Cui, Weitao Zheng
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51872116);National Natural Science Foundation of China(12034002);Project for Self-innovation Capability Construction of Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission(2021C026);Program for JLU Science and Technology Innovative Research Team(JLUSTIRT);Program for JLU Science and Technology Innovative Research Team(2017TD-09);Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Program(20190201233JC);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, JLU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

得益于超高的比表面积、高密度的表面活性原子和高度可调的微观结构, 二维材料受到研究者的广泛关注. 金属烯作为一种简化的、定义明确的模型体系, 可以作为良好的载体固定单原子或金属纳米颗粒以获得高效的催化剂. 其中, 二维金属烯具有类石墨烯结构, 是厚度小于5 nm的二维金属基纳米材料, 已经在多种电化学反应中表现出较好的电催化性能.

本文综述了金属烯在结构调控方面的最新进展, 包括缺缺陷工程、相工程、应变工程、界面工程、掺杂和合金工程策略. (1)缺陷工程: 缺陷的存在往往能调控材料的电子结构和配位状态, 进而改善其催化活性, 甚至缺陷位可以直接作为活性位来调控反应进程; (2)相工程: 相工程策略包括晶相工程、无定型相工程和异质相工程, 区别于热力学稳定的常规相, 独特的原子排布方式赋予了非常规相较好的催化活性; (3)应变工程: 应变工程不同于配位效应, 它是一种长程作用, 可大幅度提升材料的性能; (4)界面工程: 界面是两种或多种物相的交界, 通过各物种强有力的协同效应实现超高的活性; (5)掺杂与合金化: 作为一种常规的调控策略, 掺杂与合金化在提升材料性能上仍然发挥着巨大的作用.

各类调控策略的发展, 使得二维金属烯在能源电催化反应中展现出极具前景的应用, 包括氧还原反应、二氧化碳还原反应、氢析出反应和小分子氧化反应. 最后, 本文提出了这一新兴领域的未来挑战和发展方向.

关键词: 金属烯, 超薄纳米片, 结构调控策略, 电催化, 增强机理

Abstract:

Benefiting from the ultrahigh specific surface areas, highly accessible surface atoms, and highly tunable microscopic structures, the two-dimensional metallenes as nanocatalysts have displayed promising performance for various electrocatalytic reactions. Herein, we reviewed recent advances on metallenes in structural regulations including defect, phase, strain, interface, doping, and alloying engineering strategies and their applications in energy electrocatalytic reactions involving oxygen reduction reaction, carbon dioxide reduction reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, and small molecules oxidation reaction. Finally, we proposed the future challenges and directions in this emerging area.

Key words: Metallenes, Ultrathin nanosheets, Structurally regulating strategy, Electrocatalysis, Enhancement mechanism

武建栋, 赵晓, 崔小强, 郑伟涛. 新兴的二维金属烯: 结构调控和电催化应用进展[J]. 催化学报, 2022, 43(11): 2802-2814.

Jiandong Wu, Xiao Zhao, Xiaoqiang Cui, Weitao Zheng. Emerging two-dimensional metallenes: Recent advances in structural regulations and electrocatalytic applications[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2022, 43(11): 2802-2814.

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图/表 12

Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of advanced structurally-regulating strategies for metallenes.

Fig. 2. Defects engineered metallenes. RuO2 NSs with multiscales defects: (a) low-magnification HAADF-STEM image; (b) AFM image; (c,d) high-resolution HAADF-STEM images. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [33]. Copyright 2020, Royal Society Chemistry. PtTe2 NSs with corrugated and roughened surface: (e) low-magnification HAADF-STEM image; (f) AFM image; (g) STEM image and corresponding elemental mapping images; (h) atomically-resolved image. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [18]. Copyright 2021, Springer Nature. Porous Pd metallenes: (i) HAADF-STEM image; (j-l) TEM images. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [34]. Copyright 2021, John Wiley and Sons. Perforated Pd NSs: (m,n) TEM images. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [35]. Copyright 2019, John Wiley and Sons. Pd3Pb UPINs: (o) HAADF-STEM; (p) TEM images. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [37]. Copyright 2021, John Wiley and Sons.

Fig. 3. Unconventional-phase Metallenes. Au square NSs on GO sheets: (a) TEM image; (b) HR-TEM image; (c,d) SAED patterns. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [22]. Copyright 2021, Springer Nature. Amorphous Ir NSs: (e) TEM; (f) HAADF-STEM images. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [42]. Copyright 2019, Springer Nature. Amorphous/crystalline hetero-phase Pd NSs: (g) HAADF-STEM image; (h,i) corresponding FFT patterns; (j) SAED pattern; (k) TEM image. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [47]. Copyright 2018, John Wiley and Sons. Amorphous/crystalline hetero-phase PdCu NSs: (l) TEM image; (m) HAADF-STEM image; (n) SAED patterns; (o) HAADF-STEM image of PdCu NSs after aging for 14 days. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [48]. Copyright 2019, Oxford University Press.

Fig. 4. Strain-engineered metallenes. PdMo@Pd bimetallenes: (a,b) HAADF-STEM images; (c) AFM image; (d) atomically-resolved STEM image. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [9]. Copyright 2019, Springer Nature. PtPb core@Pt shell nanoplates: (e) the model of hexagonal nanoplates; (f) HAADF-STEM image from in-plate view; (g) the schematic atom models of hexagonal nanoplates from top and side views. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [54]. Copyright 2016, American Association for the Advancement of Science. Thickness-tuned Pd NSs: (h-j) TEM images; (k) size and thickness distribution; (l-n) high-resolution HAADF-STEM images; (o) the intensity profile and calculated average d-spacing of (111) planes from the NSs in (l) to (n) and Pd nanoparticles. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [55]. Copyright 2019, American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Fig. 5. Interface-engineered metallenes. RuOx-on-Pd NSs: (a) TEM image; (b) HAADF-STEM image; (c) pseudo-color surface plot of HAADF-STEM image; (d,e) HAADF-STEM images of two single NSs from the erect side view. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [58]. Copyright 2021, John Wiley and Sons. SnO2/Pd NSs: (f) TEM image; (g) HRTEM image. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [60]. Copyright 2018, John Wiley and Sons. SnO2/Rh NSs: (h) TEM image; (i) spherical-aberration high-resolution TEM image; (j) schematic illustration of the atomic model of SnO2/Rh NSs. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [61]. Copyright 2020, John Wiley and Sons.

Fig. 6. The doping and alloying-engineered metallenes. RhPdH metallenes: (a,b) HAADF-STEM; (c,d) high-resolution HAADF-STEM images. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [68]. Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society. MoPdH metallenes: (e,f) HAADF-STEM images; HAADF-STEM image with EELS spectra for MoPdH (g) and MoPd (h) metallenes. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [69]. Copyright 2021, American Chemical Society. Co-substituted Ru bimetallene: (i) HAADF-STEM image; (j) AFM image; (k) high-resolution HAADF-STEM image; (l) EDX line scanning profile and EDX mapping. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [70]. Copyright 2018, Springer Nature. PdIr bimetallene: (m) Low-magnification HAADF-STEM image; (n) TEM image; (o) AFM image; (p) high-resolution HAADF-STEM image. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [71]. Copyright 2021, Oxford University Press.

Table 1 Summary of representative metallenes and their applications in electrocatalysis, phototherapy, and organic catalysis.

Material	Phase	Morphology	Thickness	Application	Ref.
Au Bi Bi Co Co Cu MoPdH Pd Pd Pd Pd Pd Pd Pd PdCr PdCu PdCu PdMo PdZn PdCu Pd₃Pb Pd₃Sn Pd₃Cd PdPtAg Pd-RuO₂ Pd-SnO₂ Pd@Ru PtCu PtPb/Pt PtTe₂ Rh Rh Rh RhW RhPdH Rh-SnO₂ Ru RuO₂ RuRh RuMn SA-Co/Ru	2H — rhombohedral hcp hcp fcc fcc fcc fcc fcc fcc fcc fcc a/c fcc fcc fcc fcc fct a/c fcc fcc fcc fcc — — — fcc hcp trigonal — fcc a/c fcc fcc — hcp hcp hcp hcp hcp	NSs NSs NSs NSs NSs NSs NSs NSs NSs porous NSs porous NSs porous NSs porous NSs NSs NSs NSs NSs NSs NSs NSs porous NSs porous NSs porous NSs NSs NSs NSs NSs NSs NSs defect NSs NSs NSs NSs NSs NSs NSs NSs defect NSs NSs NSs NSs	2.4 nm 0.65 nm 1.45 nm 0.84 nm 1.3 nm 5 nm 2.7 nm 3, 5, 8 ML 1.8 nm 0.9 nm 3.3 nm 5 nm 1.5 nm 1.0 nm 1.34 nm 2.8 nm 2.7 nm 0.88 nm 3.0 nm 1.2 nm 2.6 nm 2.6 nm 2.7 nm 3 nm 1.7 nm 4 nm 1.9 nm 1.3 nm 4.5 nm 1.2 nm 0.4 nm 0.9 nm 1.3 nm 1.8 nm 1.8 nm 2.2 nm 1.2 nm 2 nm 1.9 nm 1.1 nm 1.6 nm	— CO₂RR CO₂RR CO₂RR CO₂RR CORR MOR ORR phototherapy ORR EOR, HER phototherapy FAOR organic reaction Sensor FAOR MOR ORR EOR organic reaction ORR ORR ORR EOR ORR CO₂RR organic reaction EOR ORR HER organic reaction organic reaction organic reaction organic reaction HER EOR HER OER Li-CO₂ battery HER, OER HER	[22] [78] [79] [6] [80] [8] [69] [55] [24] [34] [81] [36] [35] [47] [82] [73] [72] [9] [40] [48] [37] [37] [37] [77] [58] [60] [83] [74] [54] [18] [84] [85] [49] [75] [68] [61] [86] [33] [76] [87] [70]

Fig. 7. The metallenes for the ORR. (a-d) The ORR performance of Pd metallenes. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [34]. Copyright 2021, John Wiley and Sons. (e-h) Electrocatalytic performance of PdMo bimetallenes for the ORR. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [9]. Copyright 2019, Springer Nature. (i-l) The ORR performance of RuOx-on-Pd NSs. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [58]. Copyright 2021, John Wiley and Sons.

Fig. 8. The metallenes for the CO2RR. (a-d) CO2RR-to-formate performance of Co NSs. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [6]. Copyright 2019, Springer Nature. (e-h) CO2RR-to-CO performance of Pd NSs with different edge lengths. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [89]. Copyright 2018, John Wiley and Sons. (i-l) CO2RR-to-formate performance of bismuthenes. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [78]. Copyright 2020, Springer Nature.

Fig. 10. The metallenes for the SMOR. (a,b) The MOR performance of MoPdH bimetallene. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [69]. Copyright 2021, American Chemical Society. (c,d) The EOR performance of PdZn with fct phase. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [40]. Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society. (e,f) The FAOR performance of PdCu NSs. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [73].54 Copyright 2017, John Wiley and Sons.

Fig. 11. Perspectives of metallenes for future: the theory-guided design of active metallenes-based electrocatalysts, the identification of active sites and enhancement mechanisms, the universal and large-scale synthesis of metallenes, and the evaluation of metallenes in practical devices.

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新兴的二维金属烯: 结构调控和电催化应用进展

Emerging two-dimensional metallenes: Recent advances in structural regulations and electrocatalytic applications

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