TiO2-x@C/MoO2肖特基结: 合理设计及高效电荷分离提升光催化性能

doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(23)64488-2

催化学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 51: 66-79.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(23)64488-2

TiO_2-_x@C/MoO₂肖特基结: 合理设计及高效电荷分离提升光催化性能

乔秀清^a^,^b^,^*(), 李晨^a, 王紫昭^a, 侯东芳^a^,^b, 李东升^a^,^b^,^*()

^a三峡大学材料与化学工程学院, 无机非金属结晶与能量转换材料重点实验室, 湖北宜昌443002
^b湖北三峡实验室, 湖北宜昌443007

收稿日期:2023-04-28 接受日期:2023-06-15 出版日期:2023-08-18 发布日期:2023-09-11
通讯作者: *电子信箱: qiaoxiuqing@126.com (乔秀清), lidongsheng1@126.com (李东升).
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(21971143);国家自然科学基金(21805165);111工程(D20015)

TiO_2-_x@C/MoO₂Schottky junction: Rational design and efficient charge separation for promoted photocatalytic performance

Xiu-Qing Qiao^a^,^b^,^*(), Chen Li^a, Zizhao Wang^a, Dongfang Hou^a^,^b, Dong-Sheng Li^a^,^b^,^*()

^aCollege of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang443002, Hubei, China
^bHubei Three Gorges Laboratory, Yichang443007, Hubei, China

Received:2023-04-28 Accepted:2023-06-15 Online:2023-08-18 Published:2023-09-11
Contact: *E-mail: qiaoxiuqing@126.com (X.-Q. Qiao), lidongsheng1@126.com (D.-S. Li).
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(21971143);National Natural Science Foundation of China(21805165);111 Project(D20015)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

氢能具有143MJ/kg的高能量密度,光催化技术可以利用太阳能实现水分解制氢,被认为是缓解能源危机和环境污染的理想途径之一.自1972年TiO₂被发现具有光电催化性能以来,研究者致力于通过多种策略提升TiO₂的光催化活性.然而,其进一步应用仍然受到光响应差和光生载流子重组等问题的制约.负载助催化剂可以促进电子空穴的分离,降低产氢的过电位,是构建高效光催化体系的有效策略.电子从助催化剂向TiO₂半导体的反向流动可降低电荷分离效率;此外,在多组分体系中,不同组分之间的界面电荷转移阻力制约光催化性能的进一步提升.因此,同时实现可见光吸收、组分间强界面耦合和抑制电子回流是构筑高效TiO₂光催化剂的关键.
本文开发了一种简单的一步原位相变调节策略,构筑了一种新颖的TiO_2-_x@C/MoO₂肖特基结用于光催化水分解制氢,并采用X射线衍射、扫描/透射电镜、拉曼光谱、电子顺磁共振、X射线光电子能谱和时间分辨光致发光曲线对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,该肖特基结具有以下优点: (1) 丰富的氧空位.还原性气氛使得TiO_2‒_x中产生丰富的氧空位,氧空位的存在明显的降低了TiO_2‒_x的带隙并引入缺陷能级,从而提高了可见光吸收能力.(2) 强键合碳层.柠檬酸原位相变产生的碳包覆在TiO_2‒_x表面,在TiO_2‒_x及MoO₂之间形成强化学键合,不仅可以作为电荷传输的快速通道提高层间电荷传递效率,还可以保护氧空位不被氧化从而提高肖特基结的稳定性.(3) 肖特基结异质结构中产生的肖特基势垒可以有效地抑制电子从MoO₂向TiO_2‒_x的反向转移,从而抑制电子和空穴的复合,提升光生电子的利用率.(4) 助催化剂效应.金属性MoO₂充当助催化剂,极大地降低了H₂生成过程所需的吉布斯自由能,提升了热力学产氢性能.得益于上述效应的协同作用,TiO_2‒_x@C/MoO₂催化剂的光催化析氢速率显著提高,达到506μmol g^‒1 h^‒1,分别比TiO_2‒_x和TiO_2‒_x@C大125.5倍和15.8倍.同时,由于表面碳层的保护作用,该催化剂在循环使用27h后产氢速率无明显变化,表现出较好的稳定性.此外,光催化四环素降解及Cr(VI)还原实验进一步证实了该肖特基结中光生电荷的有效分离.综上,本文设计思路和合成策略为构筑强耦合肖特基结光催化剂提供一定的参考.

关键词: 氧空位, 二氧化钛, 氧化钼, 碳层, 产氢, 肖特基结

Abstract:

Limited solar light harvesting, sluggish charge transfer kinetics, and inferior affinity for adsorbed hydrogen species (H*) severely restrict the photocatalytic hydrogen generation activity of TiO₂ photocatalysts. Herein, we present a novel TiO_2-_x@C/MoO₂ Schottky junction prepared via a simple one-step in situ phase-transition-regulation strategy. Crucially, the abundant oxygen vacancies in TiO_2-_x@C/MoO₂narrow the bandgap and introduce defects to improve the photoresponse. The strongly bonded carbon layer not only serves as a fast charge-transport channel to improve the interlayer charge transfer efficiency but also protects oxygen vacancies from oxidation. Moreover, the Schottky barrier effectively impairs the recombination of electrons and holes and promotes the utilization of photogenerated electrons. Furthermore, the MoO₂ cocatalyst optimizes the Gibbs free energy for H₂ evolution. As a result of the favorable synergy, the resulting TiO_2-_x@C/MoO₂ presents a significantly enhanced photocatalytic H₂ production rate of 506 μmol g^-1 h^-1 compared to those of TiO_2-_x and TiO_2-_x@C (125.5- and 15.8-times larger, respectively). Moreover, outstanding stability over 27 h was achieved because of the protection provided by the surface carbon layer. This ingenious design and facile synthetic strategy offer exciting avenues for the design of strongly coupled Schottky junction photocatalysts for efficient solar-to-chemical conversions.

Key words: Oxygen vacancy, TiO₂, MoO₂, Carbon layer, H₂ evolution, Schottky junction

乔秀清, 李晨, 王紫昭, 侯东芳, 李东升. TiO_2-_x@C/MoO₂肖特基结: 合理设计及高效电荷分离提升光催化性能[J]. 催化学报, 2023, 51: 66-79.

Xiu-Qing Qiao, Chen Li, Zizhao Wang, Dongfang Hou, Dong-Sheng Li. TiO_2-_x@C/MoO₂Schottky junction: Rational design and efficient charge separation for promoted photocatalytic performance[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2023, 51: 66-79.

×
扫码分享

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.cjcatal.com/CN/10.1016/S1872-2067(23)64488-2

https://www.cjcatal.com/CN/Y2023/V51/I8/66

图/表 11

Fig. 1. Schematic of the preparation of TiO2-x@C/MoO2 Schottky junction.

Fig. 2. (a,b) XRD and partially enlarged patterns of all samples. Raman (c) and partially enlarged (d) spectra of MoO2, TiO2-x@C, and TCM-1 samples.

Fig. 3. TEM (a) and HRTEM (b) images of P25. TEM (c) and HRTEM (d) images of TiO2-x@C. (e) HAADF-STEM image, (e1) overlap and (e2)-(e4) element mapping of TiO2-x@C. (f-h) HRTEM image of TCM-1 sample and (i) inverse FFT pattern of HRTEM image. (j) HAADF-STEM image, (j1) overlap and (j2)-(j5) element mapping of TCM-1 sample.

Fig. 4. (a) EPR signals of P25, TiO2-x, TiO2-x@C, and TCM-1 samples. (b) XPS survey spectra of TiO2-x@C and TCM-1 samples. High-resolution XPS spectra of C 1s (c), Ti 2p (d), Mo 3d (e), and O 1s (f) of TiO2-x@C and TCM-1 photocatalysts.

Fig. 5. H2 production over time (a) and a comparison (b) of photocatalytic H2 generation rate of various photocatalysts. (c) Comparison of H2 evolution rates over TCM-1 and other reported photocatalysts. (d) Cyclic use of the TCM-1 photocatalyst. (e) XRD diffraction patterns of fresh and recycled TCM-1 photocatalyst.

Fig. 6. (a) UV-vis DRS spectra of all photocatalysts showing the Tauc plots used for the band gap determination of P25 and TiO2-x. (b) Mott-Schottky plots of TiO2-x. EIS Nyquist plots (c), PL spectra (d) of all samples. Photocurrent response (e) and time-resolved photoluminescence lifetime curves (f) of samples.

Fig. 7. (a) Atom-projected DOS for MoO2. (b) Gibbs free energy diagram. Electrostatic potentials for MoO2 (c) and TiO2-x (d).

Fig. 8. Schematic of the band structure and Fermi level of TCM sample (a) before contact and (b) after contact.

Fig. 9. (a) Photocatalytic degradation of TC under visible light, kinetics curves for TC degradation (b) and Cr(VI) reduction (c), and first-order reaction kinetics (d) over different photocatalysts. EPR spectra for ?OH (e) and ?O2- (f). (g) Comparison of the kinetic rate constants of previously reported photocatalysts.

Fig. 10. Proposed degradation pathways for TC by TCM sample under visible light irradiation.

Table 1 Toxicity of the TC/intermediates evaluated by T.E.S.T.

Target	LC50-96hr (mg L^‒1)	LD50 (mg Kg^‒1)	Bioaccumulation factor	Developmental toxicity	Mutagenic
C1	0.9	1524.04	0.71	0.86 Toxicant	0.60 Positive
C2	0.33	1363.25	1.65	0.90 Toxicant	0.64 Positive
C3	0.22	1197.10	N/A	0.91 Toxicant	0.35 Negative
C4	0.90	1052.15	0.95	0.82 Toxicant	0.63 Positive
C5	0.78	103.62	8.34	0.84 Toxicant	0.88 Positive
C6	1102.04	6270.10	2.43	0.51 Toxicant	0.01 Negative
C7	234.20	2970.28	7.68	0.50 Non-toxicant	‒0.01 Negative
C8	6.62	1529.48	0.36	0.85 Toxicant	0.66 Positive
C9	N/A	979.17	N/A	0.78 Toxicant	0.40 Negative
C10	0.27	437.29	0.17	0.87 Toxicant	0.63 Positive

参考文献

[1]	S. Guo, X. Li, J. Li, B. Wei, Nat. Commun., 2021, 12, 1343.
[2]	X. Yue, J. Fan, Q. Xiang, Adv. Funct. Mater., 2021, 32, 2110258
[3]	D. Maarisetty, S. S. Baral, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020, 8, 18560-18604.
[4]	J. Peng, J. Shen, X. Yu, H. Tang, Zulfiqar , Q. Liu, Chin. J. Catal., 2021, 42, 87-96.
[5]	X.-Q. Qiao, Z. Wang, C. Li, H. Zhang, D. Hou, Y.-Q. Lan, D.-S. Li, Chem. Eng. J., 2023, 455, 140791.
[6]	Y. Yang, J. Liu, M. Gu, B. Cheng, L. Wang, J. Yu, Appl. Catal. B, 2023, 333, 122780.
[7]	H. Li, Q. Song, S. Wan, C. W. Tung, C. Liu, Y. Pan, G. Luo, H. M. Chen, S. Cao, J. Yu, L. Zhang, Small, 2023, 2301711.
[8]	D. Gao, W. Zhong, X. Wang, F. Chen, H. Yu, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2022, 10, 7989-7998.
[9]	S. Wang, Z. Zhou, R. Zhou, Z. Fang, P. J. Cullen, Chem. Eng. J., 2022, 450, 138409.
[10]	Z. Man, Y. Meng, X. Lin, X. Dai, L. Wang, D. Liu, Chem. Eng. J., 2022, 431, 133952.
[11]	H. Li, B. Sun, T. Gao, H. Li, Y. Ren, G. Zhou, Chin. J. Catal., 2022, 43, 461-471.
[12]	E. N. Musa, S. Kaur, T. C. Gallagher, T. M. Anthony, W. F. Stickle, L. Arnadottir, K. C. Stylianou, ACS Catal., 2023, 13, 3710-3722.
[13]	X. Qu, C. Chen, J. Lin, W. Qiang, L. Zhang, D. Sun, Chemosphere, 2022, 286, 131696.
[14]	Y. Wang, Y. Zhang, X. zhu, Y. Liu, Z. Wu, Appl. Catal. B, 2022, 316, 121610.
[15]	L. Hao, H. Huang, Y. Zhang, T. Ma, Adv. Funct. Mater., 2021, 31, 2100919.
[16]	K. H. Kim, C. W. Choi, S. Choung, Y. Cho, S. Kim, C. Oh, K. S. Lee, C. L. Lee, K. Zhang, J. W. Han, S. Y. Choi, J. H. Park, Adv. Energy Mater., 2022, 12, 2103495.
[17]	H. Shang, X. Wang, H. Li, M. Li, C. Mao, P. Xing, S. Zhao, Z. Chen, J. Sun, Z. Ai, L. Zhang, Appl. Catal. B, 2021, 290, 120024.
[18]	Y. Zhang, Z. Xu, G. Li, X. Huang, W. Hao, Y. Bi, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2019, 58, 14229-14233.
[19]	W. Jiang, H. Loh, B. Q. L. Low, H. Zhu, J. Low, J. Z. X. Heng, K. Y. Tang, Z. Li, X. J. Loh, E. Ye, Y. Xiong, Appl. Catal. B, 2023, 321, 122079.
[20]	M. Zhang, K. Li, C. Hu, K. Ma, W. Sun, X. Huang, Y. Ding, Chin. J. Catal., 2023, 47, 254-264.
[21]	B. He, C. Luo, Z. Wang, L. Zhang, J. Yu, Appl. Catal. B, 2023, 323, 122200.
[22]	C. Guan, X. Yue, J. Fan, Q. Xiang, Chin. J. Catal., 2022, 43, 2484-2499.
[23]	Z. Yin, X. Liu, S. Chen, T. Ma, Y. Li, Energy Environ. Mater., 2023, 6, e12310.
[24]	Z. Hu, K. Li, X. Wu, N. Wang, X. Li, Q. Li, L. Li, K. Lv, Appl. Catal. B, 2019, 256, 117860.
[25]	Y. Jin, H. Wang, J. Li, X. Yue, Y. Han, P. K. Shen, Y. Cui, Adv. Mater., 2016, 28, 3785-3790.
[26]	Y. Zhu, X. Ji, S. Cheng, Z. Y. Chern, J. Jia, L. Yang, H. Luo, J. Yu, X. Peng, J. Wang, W. Zhou, M. Liu, ACS Nano, 2019, 13, 9091-9099.
[27]	C. Zhao, C. Yu, M. Zhang, H. Huang, S. Li, X. Han, Z. Liu, J. Yang, W. Xiao, J. Liang, X. Sun, J. Qiu, Adv. Energy Mater., 2017, 7, 1602880.
[28]	Y. Yang, M. Luo, Y. Xing, S. Wang, W. Zhang, F. Lv, Y. Li, Y. Zhang, W. Wang, S. Guo, Adv. Mater., 2018, 30, 1706085.
[29]	Y. Zhang, Z. Wang, F. Du, H. He, A. Alsaedi, T. Hayat, T. Li, G.-L. Li, Y. Zhou, Z. Zou, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2019, 7, 14842-14848.
[30]	Z. Chen, K. Xia, X. She, Z. Mo, S. Zhao, J. Yi, Y. Xu, H. Chen, H. Xu, H. Li, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2018, 447, 732-739.
[31]	H. Du, X. Xie, Q. Zhu, L. Lin, Y. F. Jiang, Z. K. Yang, X. Zhou, A. W. Xu, Nanoscale, 2015, 7, 5752-9.
[32]	K. Chen, X.-M. Zhang, X.-F. Yang, M.-G. Jiao, Z. Zhou, M.-H. Zhang, D.-H. Wang, X.-H. Bu, Appl. Catal. B, 2018, 238, 263-273.
[33]	H. Zhang, P. Zhang, M. Qiu, J. Dong, Y. Zhang, X. W. D. Lou, Adv. Mater., 2019, 31, 1804883.
[34]	C. Bie, B. Zhu, L. Wang, H. Yu, C. Jiang, T. Chen, J. Yu, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2022, 61, e202212045.
[35]	Y.-J. Tang, M.-R. Gao, C.-H. Liu, S.-L. Li, H.-L. Jiang, Y.-Q. Lan, M. Han, S.-H. Yu, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2015, 54, 12928-12932.
[36]	Y. Jia, Z. Wang, X.-Q. Qiao, L. Huang, S. Gan, D. Hou, J. Zhao, C. Sun, D.-S. Li, Chem. Eng. J., 2021, 424, 130368.
[37]	Z. Jin, W. Duan, W. Duan, B. Liu, X. Chen, F. Yang, J. Guo, Appl. Catal. A, 2016, 517, 129-140.
[38]	Z. Han, C. Choi, S. Hong, T.-S. Wu, Y.-L. Soo, Y. Jung, J. Qiu, Z. Sun, Appl. Catal. B, 2019, 257, 117896.
[39]	J. Li, M. Zhang, Z. Guan, Q. Li, C. He, J. Yang, Appl. Catal. B, 2017, 206, 300-307.
[40]	Y. Liao, J. Qian, G. Xie, Q. Han, W. Dang, Y. Wang, L. Lv, S. Zhao, L. Luo, W. Zhang, H.-Y. Jiang, J. Tang, Appl. Catal. B, 2020, 273, 119054.
[41]	M. Z. Hussain, Z. Yang, A. M. E. Khalil, S. Hussain, S. U. Awan, Q. Jia, R. A. Fischer, Y. Zhu, Y. Xia, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 101, 49-59.
[42]	D. Zhang, W. Liu, R. Wang, Z. Zhang, S. Qiu, Appl. Catal. B, 2021, 283, 119632.
[43]	J. Mu, J. Shi, L. J. France, Y. Wu, Q. Zeng, B. Liu, L. Jiang, J. Long, X. Li, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2018, 10, 23112-23121.
[44]	H. He, Q. Gan, H. Wang, G.-L. Xu, X. Zhang, D. Huang, F. Fu, Y. Tang, K. Amine, M. Shao, Nano Energy, 2018, 44, 217-227.
[45]	J. Low, L. Zhang, T. Tong, B. Shen, J. Yu, J. Catal., 2018, 361, 255-266.
[46]	L. He, W. Zhang, Q. Mo, W. Huang, L. Yang, Q. Gao, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2020, 59, 3544-3548.
[47]	X. Zhou, X. Zhao, F. Xie, Z. Jin, X. Song, W. Xie, X. Wang, Z. Tang, ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 2020, 3, 5656-5664.
[48]	S. Shubhashish, H. S. Khanna, L. A. Achola, A. S. Amin, W. S. Willis, S. L. Suib, ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 2021, 4, 2086-2097.
[49]	L. Chen, H. Jiang, H. Jiang, H. Zhang, S. Guo, Y. Hu, C. Li, Adv. Energy Mater., 2017, 7, 1602782.
[50]	X. Liu, L. Yang, M. Huang, Q. Li, L. Zhao, Y. Sang, X. Zhang, Z. Zhao, H. Liu, W. Zhou, Appl. Catal. B, 2022, 319, 121887.
[51]	L. Liccardo, M. Bordin, P. M. Sheverdyaeva, M. Belli, P. Moras, A. Vomiero, E. Moretti, Adv. Funct. Mater., 2023, 22, 2212486.
[52]	H. Wei, Q. Xi, X. Chen, D. Guo, F. Ding, Z. Yang, S. Wang, J. Li, S. Huang, Adv. Sci., 2018, 5, 1700733.
[53]	M. Guo, Q. Liu, M. Wu, T. Lv, L. Jia, Chem. Eng. J., 2018, 334, 1886-1896.
[54]	S. Yao, Y. Ma, T. Xu, Z. Wang, P. Lv, J. Zheng, C. Ma, K. Yu, W. Wei, K. Ostrikov, Carbon, 2021, 171, 524-531.
[55]	Q. Han, C. Wu, H. Jiao, R. Xu, Y. Wang, J. Xie, Q. Guo, J. Tang, Adv. Mater., 2021, 33, 2008180.
[56]	X. He, M. Wu, Z. Ao, B. Lai, Y. Zhou, T. An, S. Wang, J. Hazard. Mater., 2021, 403, 124048.
[57]	M. A. Nawi, I. Nawawi, Appl. Catal. A, 2013, 453, 80-91.
[58]	Z. Gu, Z. Cui, Z. Wang, K. Sinkou Qin, Y. Asakura, T. Hasegawa, K. Hongo, R. Maezono, S. Yin, J. Catal., 2021, 393, 179-189.
[59]	R. Hailili, H. Ji, K. Wang, X. a. Dong, C. Chen, H. Sheng, D. W. Bahnemann, J. Zhao, ACS Catal., 2022, 12, 10004-10017.
[60]	Z.-W. Zhang, Q.-H. Li, X.-Q. Qiao, D. Hou, D.-S. Li, Chin. J. Catal., 2019, 40, 371-379.
[61]	T. Wang, L. Chen, C. Chen, M. Huang, Y. Huang, S. Liu, B. Li, ACS Nano, 2022, 16, 2306-2318.
[62]	R. Jia, Y. Wang, C. Wang, Y. Ling, Y. Yu, B. Zhang, ACS Catal., 2020, 10, 3533-3540.
[63]	N. Sedaghati, A. Habibi-Yangjeh, S. Asadzadeh-Khaneghah, S. Ghosh, Adv. Powder. Technol., 2021, 32, 304-316.
[64]	X. Shen, G. Dong, L. Wang, L. Ye, J. Sun, Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 2019, 6, 1901032.
[65]	Z. Wang, J. Hu, X.-Q. Qiao, C. Li, D. Hou, D.-S. Li, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2022, 589, 152888.
[66]	F. Li, L. Cheng, J. Fan, Q. Xiang, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2021, 9, 23765-23782.
[67]	X.-Q. Qiao, Z.-W. Zhang, Q.-H. Li, D. Hou, Q. Zhang, J. Zhang, D.-S. Li, P. Feng, X. Bu, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018, 6, 22580-22589.
[68]	K. Khan, X. Tao, Y. Zhao, B. Zeng, M. Shi, N. Ta, J. Li, X. Jin, R. Li, C. Li, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2019, 7, 15607-15614.
[69]	Z. Yu, X. Yue, J. Fan, Q. Xiang, ACS Catal., 2022, 12, 6345-6358.
[70]	L. Yang, J. Yu, Z. Wei, G. Li, L. Cao, W. Zhou, S. Chen, Nano Energy, 2017, 41, 772-779.
[71]	K. Zhu, Q. Zhu, M. Jiang, Y. Zhang, Z. Shao, Z. Geng, X. Wang, H. Zeng, X. Wu, W. Zhang, K. Huang, S. Feng, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2022, 61, e202207600.
[72]	X. Guo, C. Cheng, F. Xing, C. Huang, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2021, 9, 7913-7923.
[73]	Z. Li, C. Mao, Q. Pei, P. N. Duchesne, T. He, M. Xia, J. Wang, L. Wang, R. Song, A. A. Jelle, D. M. Meira, Q. Ge, K. K. Ghuman, L. He, X. Zhang, G. A. Ozin, Nat. Commun., 2022, 13, 7205.
[74]	R. Shen, Y. Ding, S. Li, P. Zhang, Q. Xiang, Y. H. Ng, X. Li, Chin. J. Catal., 2021, 42, 25-36.
[75]	J. Gao, J. Xue, S. Jia, Q. Shen, X. Zhang, H. Jia, X. Liu, Q. Li, Y. Wu, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 13, 18758-18771.
[76]	J. Xu, D. Gao, H. Yu, P. Wang, B. Zhu, L. Wang, J. Fan, Chin. J. Catal., 2022, 43, 215-225.
[77]	D. Gao, P. Deng, J. Zhang, L. Zhang, X. Wang, H. Yu, J. Yu, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2023, 62, e202304559.
[78]	L. Wang, T. Yang, L. Peng, Q. Zhang, X. She, H. Tang, Q. Liu, Chin. J. Catal., 2022, 43, 2720-2731.
[79]	B. He, C. Bie, X. Fei, B. Cheng, J. Yu, W. Ho, A. A. Al-Ghamdi, S. Wageh, Appl. Catal. B, 2021, 288, 119994.
[80]	X.-Q. Qiao, Z.-W. Zhang, D.-F. Hou, D.-S. Li, Y. Liu, Y.-Q. Lan, J. Zhang, P. Feng, X. Bu, ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 2018, 6, 12375-12384.
[81]	Y. Jia, Z. Wang, X.-Q. Qiao, L. Huang, S. Gan, D. Hou, D.-S. Li, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2021, 554, 149649.
[82]	Z. Xie, Y. Feng, F. Wang, D. Chen, Q. Zhang, Y. Zeng, W. Lv, G. Liu, Appl. Catal. B, 2018, 229, 96-104.
[83]	R. Abazari, S. Sanati, A. Morsali, A. M. Kirillov, Inorg. Chem. 2021, 60, 9660-9672.
[84]	M. Li, P. Wang, Z. Ji, Z. Zhou, Y. Xia, Y. Li, S. Zhan, Appl. Catal. B, 2021, 289, 120020.
[85]	Z. Du, L. Feng, Z. Guo, T. Yan, Q. Hu, J. Lin, Y. Huang, C. Tang, Y. Fang, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 2021, 589, 545-555.
[86]	T. S. Rajaraman, S. P. Parikh, V. G. Gandhi, Chem. Eng. J., 2020, 389, 123918.
[87]	K. Gao, L.-A. Hou, X. An, D. Huang, Y. Yang, Appl. Catal. B, 2023, 323, 122150.
[88]	F. Chen, L.-L. Liu, Y.-J. Zhang, J.-H. Wu, G.-X. Huang, Q. Yang, J.-J. Chen, H.-Q. Yu, Appl. Catal. B, 2020, 277, 119218.
[89]	F. Guo, X. Huang, Z. Chen, H. Ren, M. Li, L. Chen, J. Hazard. Mater., 2020, 390, 122158.
[90]	Y. Chen, R. Yin a, L. Zeng, W. Guo, M. Zhu, J. Hazard. Mater., 2021, 412, 125256.
[91]	X. Yang, Y. Zhang, Y. Wang, C. Xin, P. Zhang, D. Liu, B. B. Mamba, K. K. Kefeni, A. T. Kuvarega, J. Gui, Chem. Eng. J., 2020, 387, 124100.
[92]	X. He, T. Kai, P. Ding, Environ. Chem. Lett., 2021, 19, 4563-4601.
[93]	T. Ni, Z. Yang, H. Zhang, L. Zhou, W. Guo, D. Liu, K. Chang, C. Ge, Z. Yang, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2022, 604, 154537.
[94]	S. Tang, Z. Wang, D. Yuan, C. Zhang, Y. Rao, Z. Wang, K. Yin, J. Cleaner Prod., 2020, 268, 122253.
[95]	Y. He, Y. Cai, S. Fan, T. Meng, Y. Zhang, X. Li, Y. Zhang,. J. Hazard. Mater., 2022, 438, 129503.

TiO_2-_x@C/MoO₂肖特基结: 合理设计及高效电荷分离提升光催化性能

TiO_2-_x@C/MoO₂Schottky junction: Rational design and efficient charge separation for promoted photocatalytic performance

RichHTML

PDF

Supporting Information

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

扫码分享

图/表 11

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	赵彬彬, 钟威, 陈峰, 王苹, 别传彪, 余火根. 高晶化g-C₃N₄光催化剂: 合成、结构调控和光催化产氢[J]. 催化学报, 2023, 52(9): 127-143.
[2]	蔡铭洁, 刘艳萍, 董珂欣, 陈晓波, 李世杰. 漂浮型Bi₂WO₆/C₃N₄/碳布S型异质结光催化材料用于高效净化水体环境[J]. 催化学报, 2023, 52(9): 239-251.
[3]	刘博文, 蔡家杰, 张建军, 谭海燕, 程蓓, 许景三. MOF/CdS梯型光催化剂同时进行苯甲醇氧化和析氢反应及其机理研究[J]. 催化学报, 2023, 51(8): 204-215.
[4]	孙利娟, 王伟康, 路平, 刘芹芹, 王乐乐, 唐华. 纳米高熵合金实现光催化剂肖特基势垒的调控用于光催化制氢与苯甲醇氧化耦合反应[J]. 催化学报, 2023, 51(8): 90-100.
[5]	刘德法, 孙彬, 白硕杰, 高婷婷, 周国伟. 双助催化剂Ag/Ti₃C₂/TiO₂分层花状微球用于增强光催化产氢活性[J]. 催化学报, 2023, 50(7): 273-283.
[6]	宋昕杰, 范世鹏, 蔡泽华, 杨洲, 陈旬, 付贤智, 戴文新. Cu/CeO₂上可见光辅助热催化合成NH₃: H₂O存在下NO通过CO还原的途径[J]. 催化学报, 2023, 49(6): 168-179.
[7]	张美玉, 李孔明, 胡春联, 马康伟, 孙万军, 黄现强, 丁勇. Co纳米颗粒修饰的相结CdS光氧化还原合成氢化安息香和产氢[J]. 催化学报, 2023, 47(4): 254-264.
[8]	李宁, 高雪云, 苏俊珲, 高旸钦, 戈磊. 类金属WO₂/g-C₃N₄复合光催化剂的构造及其优异的光催化性能[J]. 催化学报, 2023, 47(4): 161-170.
[9]	解志鹏, 杨修贝, 张沛, 柯夏婷, 袁昕, 翟黎鹏, 王文滨, 秦娜, 崔乘幸, 屈凌波, 陈雄. 具有可控载流子动力学的烯烃连接的共价有机框架用于高效太阳能光催化制氢[J]. 催化学报, 2023, 47(4): 171-180.
[10]	曾严, 王慧, 杨惠茹, 隽超, 李丹, 温晓东, 张帆, 邹吉军, 彭冲, 胡常伟. 镍纳米粒子耦合氧空位高效催化转化棕榈酸制备烷烃[J]. 催化学报, 2023, 47(4): 229-242.
[11]	王珂然, 罗磊, 王超, 唐军旺. 双反应位点共修饰WO₃光催化活化甲烷[J]. 催化学报, 2023, 46(3): 103-112.
[12]	张志洁, 王雪盛, 唐慧玲, 李德本, 徐家跃. 调控Cs₃Bi₂Br₉@V_O-In₂O₃ S型异质结的费米能级和内建电场促进光生电荷分离和二氧化碳还原[J]. 催化学报, 2023, 55(12): 227-240.
[13]	王伟康, 梅少斌, 蒋浩朋, 王乐乐, 唐华, 刘芹芹. 二氧化钛基S型异质结光催化剂的研究进展[J]. 催化学报, 2023, 55(12): 137-158.
[14]	朱可涵, 蒋海凤, 陈高锋, 吴昊, 丁良鑫, 王海辉. 耦合氨氧化和水还原反应实现电化学共合成硝酸盐和氢气[J]. 催化学报, 2023, 55(12): 216-226.
[15]	伍超, 吕康乐, 李鑫, 李覃. 光催化产氢双助催化剂: 类别、合成和设计策略[J]. 催化学报, 2023, 54(11): 137-160.