催化学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (7): 606-612.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

漆原镍催化剂用于硝基化合物催化加氢

刘皓,李若愚,张濛,李伟,张明慧,陶克毅   

  1. 南开大学化学学院, 天津市能源材料化学重点实验室, 教育部高效储能工程研究中心, 天津 300071
  • 收稿日期:2009-07-25 出版日期:2009-07-25 发布日期:2013-04-24

Hydrogenation of Nitro Compounds Catalyzed by Urushibara Nickel Catalysts

LIU Hao, LI Ruoyu, ZHANG Meng, LI Wei*, ZHANG Minghui, TAO Keyi   

  1. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Energy Material Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage and Conversion of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
  • Received:2009-07-25 Online:2009-07-25 Published:2013-04-24

摘要: 采用锌粉还原氯化镍制备了漆原镍催化剂, 并将其用于催化间二硝基苯加氢制间苯二胺和 2,5-二氯硝基苯加氢制 2,5-二氯苯胺反应. 运用 X 射线衍射、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱和透射电子显微镜等技术对催化剂进行了表征. 考察了锌粉、展开剂和制备温度对催化剂活性的影响, 以及压力、溶剂等对加氢反应速率的影响, 确定了适宜的催化剂制备条件. 结果表明, 在间二硝基苯和 2,5-二氯硝基苯加氢反应中, 漆原镍催化剂表现出很高的活性和选择性, 在乙醇溶剂中加入适量的水能够大大提高反应速率, 适量的脱氯抑制剂能够有效加快 2,5-二氯硝基苯加氢速率并提高 2,5-二氯苯胺选择性. 漆原镍催化剂重复使用 5 次后其性能基本保持不变.

关键词: 漆原镍, 间二硝基苯, 2, 5-二氯硝基苯, 加氢

Abstract: The Urushibara nickel catalysts were prepared by reducing nickel chloride with Zn powder followed by treatment of the precipitated nickel with a base or an acid. Particle size distribution of Zn power had significant influence on the catalyst activity. The Urushibara nickel catalysts exhibited high catalytic activity and selectivity for m-phenylenediamine and 2,5-dichloroaniline.

Key words: Urushibara nickel, m-dinitrobenzene, 2, 5-dichloronitrobenzene, hydrogenation