Chinese Journal of Catalysis

Chinese Journal of Catalysis ›› 2026, Vol. 91: 290-303.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65237-0

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Engineering chemically bonded S-scheme heterojunction between 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfophenyl)porphyrin and Bi4O5Br2 for efficient photocatalytic water purification

Shijie Lia,b,c,*(), Yanbo Wanga, Kexin Donga, Fang Yangd, Yang Guoe, Xiaobing Wangf, Yanping Houg,*(), Bin Zhanga,*()   

  1. a Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pollution Control for Port-Petrochemical Industry, School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, Zhejiang, China
    b Pingyang Institute of Science and Technology Innovation, Wenzhou 325400, Zhejiang, China
    c School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, Guangdong, China
    d School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
    e Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
    f School of Chemistry and Civil Engineering, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, Guangdong, China
    g School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
  • Received:2026-07-15 Accepted:2026-08-18 Online:2026-12-18 Published:2026-10-13
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20263);Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LTGN23E080001)

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Abstract:

The rational design of organic-inorganic heterojunction systems represents a promising strategy for developing robust photocatalysts in environmental remediation. Thus, this study pioneers a novel S-scheme heterojunction by integrating oxidative Bi4O5Br2 (BiBr) nanosheets with reductive tetraphenylporphyrin tetrasulfonic acid (TPPS) via Bi-O-S bonds, leveraging their intrinsically staggered band alignment. The optimized TPPS/BiBr heterojunction achieves a remarkable tetracycline degradation rate constant of 0.0265 min‒1 under visible light, 1.2-fold higher than pristine BiBr. This enhancement originates from a robust internal electric field that drives a directional S-scheme charge-transfer model. This unique mechanism not only propels electron migration from BiBr to TPPS via a well-established Bi-O-S atomic-scale transport channel but also strategically preserves the potent reduction capacity of the electrons accumulated in the TPPS lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, while simultaneously maintaining the strong oxidation power of the holes retained in the BiBr valence band. Radical quenching experiments and mechanistic analyses further corroborate that •O2-, •OH, and h+ drive significantly augmented antibiotic degradation performance. This work establishes a groundbreaking approach for constructing tailored chemically bonded organic-inorganic S-scheme photocatalysts, demonstrating superior interfacial charge dynamics while maximizing redox potential utilization for efficient antibiotic wastewater decontamination.

Key words: Organic-inorganic heterostructure, S-scheme mechanism, Chemically bonded heterostructure, 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(4-sulfophenyl)porphyrin, Internal electric field, Photocatalysis, Pollutant remediation