硫化镉基制氢光催化剂的最新研究进展

doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65064-4

催化学报

硫化镉基制氢光催化剂的最新研究进展

孟爱云^a,1, 钟威^a,1, 谷苗莉^a, 吴小媛^a, 余维来^b,*, 苏耀荣^a,*

^a深圳技术大学新材料与新能源学院, 广东深圳 518118, 中国;
^b多伦多大学化学工程与应用化学系, 多伦多, 加拿大

收稿日期:2025-11-19 接受日期:2025-12-18
通讯作者: ^*电子信箱: suyaorong@sztu.edu.cn (苏耀荣), weilai.yu@utoronto.ca (余维来).
作者简介:¹共同第一作者.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(22272110, 22178224, 22402126); 广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2023A1515110535); 深圳技术大学高精尖缺人才启动项目(GDRC202535); 湖北省污染物分析与资源化技术重点实验室(湖北师范大学); 深圳市科技计划项目(RCBS20231211090522041, 20231127203830001); 深圳超硬及功能晶体应用技术重点实验室(ZDSYS20230626091303007).

Recent advances on CdS-based H₂-production photocatalyst

Aiyun Meng^a,1, Wei Zhong^a,1, Miaoli Gu^a, Xiaoyuan Wu^a, Weilai Yu^b,*, Yaorong Su^a,*

^aCollege of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, Guangdong, China;
^bDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto ON, Canada

Received:2025-11-19 Accepted:2025-12-18
Contact: ^*E-mail: suyaorong@sztu.edu.cn (Y. Su), weilai.yu@utoronto.ca (W. Yu).
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (22272110, 22178224, 22402126), the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2023A1515110535), the Natural Science Foundation of Top Talent of SZTU (GDRC202535), the Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology (Hubei Normal University), Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (RCBS20231211090522041, 20231127203830001), and the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Applied Technologies of Super-Diamond and Functional Crystals (ZDSYS20230626091303007).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着化石能源消耗带来的环境与能源危机日益严峻, 开发清洁、可持续的制氢技术成为十分重要的研究方向. 太阳能驱动的光催化分解水制氢技术因其直接将太阳能转化为化学能而备受关注. 在众多半导体光催化剂中, 硫化镉(CdS)因其较窄的带隙(约2.4 eV)和足够负的导带位置, 成为一种卓越的可见光响应产氢催化剂. 然而, 其严重的光生载流子复合率和显著的光腐蚀问题极大地限制了其实际应用. 尽管已有综述文章总结了该领域, 但未能全面涵盖关于材料合成、先进表征手段辅助的机制分析以及新型光催化应用方面的最新突破, 尤其是它们在高价值化学品合成方面的研究很少被总结.
本综述旨在及时梳理并重点介绍近年来CdS基光催化剂在制氢方面取得的最新进展, 尤其是关于优化光生载流子的利用以实现高效光催化制氢的研究. 本文首先概述了CdS基光催化剂的基本性质, 并分析了其光腐蚀问题的根源及相应的缓解策略, 例如构建保护层和原位去除氧气. 随后, 系统总结了提升光催化产氢性能的多种改性策略: 在形貌设计方面, 涵盖了零维量子点、一维纳米棒/线、二维纳米片以及三维多级纳米结构, 阐述了不同维度结构在缩短电荷迁移距离、增加活性位点暴露和增强光吸收方面的优势. 固溶体工程部分讨论了通过调节Zn, Mn等过渡金属离子比例来连续调控能带结构、平衡光吸收与氧化还原能力的策略. 助催化剂负载是提升性能的核心手段之一, 本文详细评述了贵金属/非贵金属、过渡金属硫化物、氢氧化物、磷化物、MXene以及石墨烯等各类助催化剂在促进电荷分离、提供活性位点、抑制光腐蚀等方面的作用机制与应用实例. 在异质结构建方面, 重点介绍了同质结、p-n结、S型异质结以及分级结构异质结的设计原理与电荷分离机制, 这些结构通过形成内建电场实现了光生电子和空穴的空间分离. 此外, 总结了CdS基光催化剂在不同产氢途径中的应用, 包括使用牺牲剂的传统产氢、无牺牲剂的纯水分解以及耦合高附加值化学品(如苯甲醇选择性氧化、生物质及塑料废弃物重整)的产氢过程. 这些耦合体系不仅提升了产氢效率, 还实现了废弃资源的增值转化, 展示了光催化技术的应用潜力.
综上, 本综述系统总结了CdS基光催化剂在产氢领域的最新研究进展、改性策略、机理认识以及目前存在的挑战. 未来, 该领域的研究需向开发更高效的改性策略(特别是在复杂有机转化体系中)、运用先进原位表征技术深入揭示原子/分子尺度的反应机理, 以及优化反应条件与反应器设计以实现大规模应用等方向深入. 本文的梳理旨在为构建高效、稳定且具有实际应用潜力的CdS基光催化产氢体系提供理论依据和技术借鉴.

关键词: CdS, 光催化剂, 产氢, 高价值化学品合成, 优化电荷载流子利用率

Abstract: Photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production presents a promising pathway for sustainable energy generation. Among various semiconductors, cadmium sulfide (CdS) stands out as a leading visible-light-responsive photocatalyst due to its narrow bandgap and suitable conduction band potential. However, its severe charge carrier recombination and photo-corrosion significantly hinder practical application. While previous reviews have summarized this field, they fail to encompass the latest breakthroughs in the fields of material synthesis, mechanistic understanding aided by advanced characterizations, and innovative photocatalytic applications. Especially, their performance in the context of high-value chemical synthesis has been rarely summarized. This review is therefore timely and aims to highlight recent advances in engineering CdS-based photocatalysts to optimize charge carrier utilization and achieve highly efficient photocatalytic H₂ evolution. We begin with a brief overview of the fundamental properties of CdS-based photocatalysts. Next, we discuss key strategies for performance enhancement, including morphological design, solid solution engineering, cocatalyst integration, and heterojunction construction. We then examine advanced pathways for charge carrier utilization, focusing on both pure water splitting and systems where H₂ generation is coupled with the production of value-added chemicals. Finally, we outline the current challenges and prospects for CdS-based photocatalysts in the context of sustainable H₂ production. This review provides insights into the rational design of high-performance CdS-based photocatalysts, paving the way for more efficient utilization of photogenerated charge carriers.

Key words: CdS, Photocatalyst, H₂ production, High-value chemical synthesis, Optimize charge carrier utilization

孟爱云, 钟威, 谷苗莉, 吴小媛, 余维来, 苏耀荣. 硫化镉基制氢光催化剂的最新研究进展[J]. 催化学报, DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65064-4.

Aiyun Meng, Wei Zhong, Miaoli Gu, Xiaoyuan Wu, Weilai Yu, Yaorong Su. Recent advances on CdS-based H₂-production photocatalyst[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65064-4.

×
扫码分享

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.cjcatal.com/CN/10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65064-4

https://www.cjcatal.com/CN/Y2026/V/I/11

参考文献

[1] W. Yu,Chin. J. Catal., 2025, 73, 8-11.
[2] A. Meng, X. Ma, D. Wen, W. Zhong, S. Zhou, Y. Su,Chin.J.Catal., 2024, 60, 231-241.
[3] A. Meng, P. Yang, D. Fu, W. Peng, W. Zhong, Y. Su,J.Colloid Interface Sci., 2025, 684, 148-157.
[4] A. Meng, B. Zhu, Y. Zhong, S. Zhou, P. Han, Y. Su,Energy Rev., 2023, 2, 100052.
[5] A. Meng, S. Zhou, D. Wen, P. Han, Y. Su,Chin.J.Catal., 2022, 43, 2548-2557.
[6] W. Zhong, A. Meng, X. Cai, Y. Gan, J. Wang, Y. Su,Chin.J.Catal., 2025, 76, 108-119.
[7] W. Zhong, J. Wang, A. Meng, B. He, P. Han, Y. Su,Chem.Eng.J., 2025, 519, 164921.
[8] T. Hisatomi, J. Kubota, K. Domen,Chem.Soc.Rev., 2014, 43, 7520-7535.
[9] C. Bie, C. Jiang, J. Yang, X. Sun, X. Zeng, J. Zhang, B. Zhu,J.Mater.Sci.Technol., 2025, 229, 48-57.
[10] J. Zhang, P. Zhou, J. Liu, J. Yu,Phys.Chem.Chem.Phys., 2014, 16, 20382-20386.
[11] J. Chen, S. Lv, Z. Shen, P. Tian, J. Chen, Y. Li,ACS Sustainable Chem.Eng., 2019, 7, 13805-13814.
[12] J. He, W. Zhong, Y. Xu, H. Yu, J. Fan, J. Yu,Sol.RRL, 2021, 5, 2100387.
[13] D. Gao, J. Xu, L. Wang, B. Zhu, H. Yu, J. Yu,Adv. Mater., 2022, 34, 2108475.
[14] A. Agosti, Y. Nakibli, L. Amirav, G. Bergamini,Nano Energy, 2020, 70, 104510.
[15] B. Liu, J. Cai, J. Zhang, H. Tan, B. Cheng, J. Xu,Chin.J.Catal., 2023, 51, 204-215.
[16] M. Tayyab, Y. Liu, S. Min, R. Muhammad Irfan, Q. Zhu, L. Zhou, J. Lei, J. Zhang,Chin.J.Catal., 2022, 43, 1165-1175.
[17] Z. Chai, T.-T. Zeng, Q. Li, L.-Q. Lu, W.-J. Xiao, D. Xu,J.Am.Chem.Soc., 2016, 138, 10128-10131.
[18] C. Han, Z.-R. Tang, J. Liu, S. Jin, Y.-J. Xu,Chem.Sci., 2019, 10, 3514-3522.
[19] P. Li, H. Zhao, X. Yan, X. Yang, J. Li, S. Gao, R. Cao,Sci.China Mater., 2020, 63, 2239-2250.
[20] C.-L. Tan, M.-Y. Qi, Z.-R. Tang, Y.-J. Xu,Appl.Catal.B, 2021, 298, 120541.
[21] J. Wang, X. Liu, Z. Li,Chem. Asian J., 2021, 16, 2932-2938.
[22] X. Cheng, B. Liu, H. Zhao, H. Zhang, J. Wang, Z. Li, B. Li, Z. Chen, J. Hu,J.Colloid Interface Sci., 2024, 655, 943-952.
[23] X. Liu, S. Zhang, M. Wang, J. Wang,Chin.Chem. Lett., 2024, 35, 108723.
[24] M. Wang, H. Zhou, F. Wang,Acc.Chem.Res., 2023, 56, 1057-1069.
[25] Y.-H. Li, F. Zhang, Y. Chen, J.-Y. Li, Y.-J. Xu,Green Chem., 2020, 22, 163-169.
[26] G. Han, Y.-H. Jin, R. A. Burgess, N. E. Dickenson, X.-M. Cao, Y. Sun,J.Am.Chem.Soc., 2017, 139, 15584-15587.
[27] T. Shan, L. Luo, T. Chen, L. Deng, M. Li, X. Yang, L. Shen, M.-Q. Yang,Green Chem., 2023, 25, 2745-2756.
[28] X. Liu, X. Duan, W. Wei, S. Wang, B.-J. Ni,Green Chem., 2019, 21, 4266-4289.
[29] H. Nagakawa, M. Nagata,ACS Appl.Energy Mater., 2021, 4, 1059-1062.
[30] S. Song, J. Qu, P. Han, M. J. Hülsey, G. Zhang, Y. Wang, S. Wang, D. Chen, J. Lu, N. Yan,Nat.Commun., 2020, 11, 4899.
[31] Y. Miao, Y. Zhao, J. Gao, J. Wang, T. Zhang,J.Am.Chem.Soc., 2024, 146, 4842-4850.
[32] M. Du, Y. Zhang, S. Kang, X. Guo, Y. Ma, M. Xing, Y. Zhu, Y. Chai, B. Qiu,ACS Catal., 2022, 12, 12823-12832.
[33] S. Zhang, H. Li, L. Wang, J. Liu, G. Liang, K. Davey, J. Ran, S.-Z. Qiao,J.Am.Chem.Soc., 2023, 145, 6410-6419.
[34] C. Shi, F. Kang, Y. Zhu, M. Teng, J. Shi, H. Qi, Z. Huang, C. Si, F. Jiang, J. Hu,Chem.Eng.J., 2023, 452, 138980.
[35] D. Wen, Y. Su, J. Fang, D. Zheng, Y. Xu, S. Zhou, A. Meng, P. Han, C.-P. Wong,Nano Energy, 2023, 117, 108917.
[36] D. Zheng, Y. Su, D. Wen, Z. Zhang, P. Yang, X. Ma, Y. Chen, L. Deng, S. Zhou, A. Meng,J.Catal., 2023, 428, 115180.
[37] W. Zhong, D. Zheng, Y. Ou, A. Meng, Y. Su,Acta Phys.Chim.Sin., 2024, 40, 2406005.
[38] C. Zhu, B. Liu, R. Li,Acta Phys.-Chim. Sin., 2025, 41, 100146.
[39] L. Zhang, J. Zhang, J. Yu, H. García,Nat.Rev.Chem., 2025, 9, 328-342.
[40] B. Li, Y. Xiao, Z. Qi, S. Chang, M. Yu, Z. Xu, Z. Zhao, S. A. C.Carabineiro, K. Lv,Chem.Commun., 2025, 61, 15630-15633.
[41] R. Feng, K. Wan, X. Sui, N. Zhao, H. Li, W. Lei, J. Yu, X. Liu, X. Shi, M. Zhai, G. Liu, H. Wang, L. Zheng, M. Liu,Nano Today, 2021, 37, 101080.
[42] W. Li, X.-S. Chu, F. Wang, Y.-Y. Dang, X.-Y. Liu, T.-H. Ma, J.-Y. Li, C.-Y. Wang,Appl.Catal.B, 2022, 304, 121000.
[43] Y. Cao, L. Guo, M. Dan, D. E. Doronkin, C. Han, Z. Rao, Y. Liu, J. Meng, Z. Huang, K. Zheng, P. Chen, F. Dong, Y. Zhou,Nat.Commun., 2021, 12, 1675.
[44] C. Cheng, J. Zhang, B. Zhu, G. Liang, L. Zhang, J. Yu,Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2023, 62, e202218688.
[45] Z. Liu, F. Jin, X. Li, P. Zhang, Z. Jin,J.Mater.Sci.Technol., 2024, 188, 131-143.
[46] G. Sun, J. Zhang, B. Cheng, H. Yu, J. Yu, J. Xu,Chem.Eng.J., 2023, 476, 146818.
[47] L. Sun, L. Li, J. Yang, J. Fan, Q. Xu,Chin.J.Catal., 2022, 43, 350-358.
[48] D. W. Wakerley, M. F. Kuehnel, K. L. Orchard, K. H. Ly, T. E. Rosser, E. Reisner,Nat.Energy, 2017, 2, 17021.
[49] Y. Huang, C. Liu, M. Li, H. Li, Y. Li, R. Su, B. Zhang,ACS Catal., 2020, 10, 3904-3910.
[50] L. Zhao, T. Dong, J. Du, H. Liu, H. Yuan, Y. Wang, J. Jia, H. Liu, W. Zhou,Sol.RRL, 2021, 5, 2000415.
[51] E. Wang, Y.-C. Chu, W. Zhang, Y. Wei, C. Si, R. Palkovits, X.-P. Wu, Z. Chen,Chin.J.Catal., 2025, 74, 308-318.
[52] X. Xiang, B. Cheng, B. Zhu, C. Jiang, G. Liang,Chin.J.Catal., 2025, 68, 326-335.
[53] X. Ning, G. Lu,Nanoscale, 2020, 12, 1213-1223.
[54] C. Wang, L. Wang, J. Jin, J. Liu, Y. Li, M. Wu, L. Chen, B. Wang, X. Yang, B.-L. Su,Appl.Catal.B, 2016, 188, 351-359.
[55] X. Ning, J. Li, B. Yang, W. Zhen, Z. Li, B. Tian, G. Lu,Appl.Catal.B, 2017, 212, 129-139.
[56] X. Ning, W. Zhen, Y. Wu, G. Lu,Appl.Catal.B, 2018, 226, 373-383.
[57] S. Liang, M. Ma, Z. Zheng, J. Song, Y. Zhou, E. Liu, H. Ma, B. Wang, B. Zhou, Y. Nie, Z. Li,J.Mater.Sci.Technol., 2025, 219, 75-90.
[58] B. Tian, W. Gao, X. Zhang, Y. Wu, G. Lu,Appl.Catal.B, 2018, 221, 618-625.
[59] B. Tian, B. Yang, J. Li, Z. Li, W. Zhen, Y. Wu, G. Lu,J.Catal., 2017, 350, 189-196.
[60] W. Zhen, X. Ning, M. Wang, Y. Wu, G. Lu,J.Catal., 2018, 367, 269-282.
[61] D. You, C. Xu, X. Wang, J. Wang, W. Su, R. Wang, T. Chen, R. Wang, Z. Shi,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2020, 8, 3726-3734.
[62] Q. Liu, S. Wang, Q. Ren, T. Li, G. Tu, S. Zhong, Y. Zhao, S. Bai,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2021, 9, 1552-1562.
[63] Y. Zhong, G. Zhao, F. Ma, Y. Wu, X. Hao,Appl.Catal.B, 2016, 199, 466-472.
[64] W. Zhen, X. Ning, B. Yang, Y. Wu, Z. Li, G. Lu,Appl.Catal.B, 2018, 221, 243-257.
[65] M. Wang, L. Cai, Y. Wang, F. Zhou, K. Xu, X. Tao, Y. Chai,J.Am.Chem.Soc., 2017, 139, 4144-4151.
[66] L. Jie, X. Gao, X. Cao, S. Wu, X. Long, Q. Ma, J. Su,Mater.Sci.Semicond.Process., 2024, 176, 108288.
[67] D. Umaru, H. Y. Hafeez, J. Mohammed, A. B. Suleiman, C. E. Ndikilar, Y. Zakariyya,Appl.Surf.Sci.Adv., 2023, 18, 100520.
[68] Y. Xu, Y. Huang, B. Zhang,Inorg.Chem.Front., 2016, 3, 591-615.
[69] M. Gu, X. Xiang, B. Cheng, J. Yu, L. Zhang,Chem.Commun., 2025, 61, 6118-6121.
[70] Y.-H. Wu, Y.-Q. Yan, Y.-X. Deng, W.-Y. Huang, K. Yang, K.-Q. Lu,Chin.J.Catal., 2025, 70, 333-340.
[71] X. Xiang, B. Zhu, B. Cheng, J. Yu, H. Lv,Small, 2020, 16, 2001024.
[72] H. Wu, X. Li, C. Tung, L. Wu,Adv. Mater., 2019, 31, 1900709.
[73] X. Xiang, L. Wang, J. Zhang, B. Cheng, J. Yu, W. Macyk,Adv.Photonics Res., 2022, 3, 2200065.
[74] C. Xia, C. Xue, W. Bian, J. Liu, J. Wang, Y. Wei, J. Zhang,ACS Appl.Nano Mater., 2021, 4, 2743-2751.
[75] W. Li, F. Jäckel,Nanoscale, 2018, 10, 16153-16158.
[76] Y. Ma, Y. Bian, Y. Liu, A. Zhu, H. Wu, H. Cui, D. Chu, J. Pan,ACS Sustainable Chem.Eng., 2018, 6, 2552-2562.
[77] M.-Y. Qi, Y.-H. Li, M. Anpo, Z.-R. Tang, Y.-J. Xu,ACS Catal., 2020, 10, 14327-14335.
[78] J. Sakizadeh, J. P. Cline, M. A. Snyder, C. J. Kiely, S. McIntosh,ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces, 2020, 12, 42773-42780.
[79] R. Zhang, F. Zeng, F. Pang, J. Ge,ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces, 2018, 10, 42241-42248.
[80] X.-B. Meng, J.-L. Sheng, H.-L. Tang, X.-J. Sun, H. Dong, F.-M. Zhang,Appl.Catal.B, 2019, 244, 340-346.
[81] F. Kolahdouzan, N. Goodarzi, M. Setayeshmehr, D. S. Mousavi, A. Z. Moshfegh,Chin.J.Catal., 2025, 70, 230-259.
[82] J. Liu, X. Yang, X. Guo, Z. Jin,J.Mater.Sci.Technol., 2024, 196, 112-124.
[83] Z. Qi, J. Chen, Q. Li, N. Wang, S. A. C.Carabineiro, K. Lv,Small, 2023, 19, 2303318.
[84] Y. Xu, Z. Xie, R. Yu, M. Chen, D. Jiang,Dalton Trans., 2021, 50, 10159-10167.
[85] S. Li, K. Rong, X. Wang, C. Shen, F. Yang, Q. Zhang,Acta Phys.Chim.Sin., 2024, 40, 2403005.
[86] K. Wu, W. Rodríguez-Córdoba, T. Lian,J.Phys.Chem.B, 2014, 118, 14062-14069.
[87] Z. Wang, Z. Qi, X. Fan, D. Y. C.Leung, J. Long, Z. Zhang, T. Miao, S. Meng, S. Chen, X. Fu,Appl.Catal.B, 2021, 281, 119443.
[88] G. Sun, B. Xiao, H. Zheng, J.-W. Shi, S. Mao, C. He, Z. Li, Y. Cheng,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2021, 9, 9735-9744.
[89] Y. Li, M. Yin, J. Sun, K. Liang, Y. Fan, Z. Li,New J.Chem., 2021, 45, 6739-6744.
[90] W. Li, Y. Dang, J. Li, T. Ma, G. Liao, F. Gao, W. Duan, J. Li, X. Wang, C. Wang,Chem.Eng.J., 2023, 472, 144793.
[91] L. Li, G. Liu, S. Qi, X. Liu, L. Gu, Y. Lou, J. Chen, Y. Zhao,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2018, 6, 23683-23689.
[92] T. Simon, M. T. Carlson, J. K. Stolarczyk, J. Feldmann,ACS Energy Lett., 2016, 1, 1137-1142.
[93] C. M. Wolff, P. D. Frischmann, M. Schulze, B. J. Bohn, R. Wein, P. Livadas, M. T. Carlson, F. Jäckel, J. Feldmann, F. Würthner, J. K. Stolarczyk,Nat.Energy, 2018, 3, 862-869.
[94] Y. Xu, W. Zhao, R. Xu, Y. Shi, B. Zhang,Chem.Commun., 2013, 49, 9803.
[95] C. Bie, J. Fu, B. Cheng, L. Zhang,Appl.Surf.Sci., 2018, 462, 606-614.
[96] Y.-M. Xie, X.-H. Liu, R. Zhang, H. Liu, J. Mao, C.-K. Dong, X.-W. Du,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2020, 8, 3586-3589.
[97] N. Bao, L. Shen, T. Takata, K. Domen,Chem.Mater., 2008, 20, 110-117.
[98] X. Wang, M. Liu, Z. Zhou, L. Guo,J.Phys.Chem.C, 2015, 119, 20555-20560.
[99] W. Tan, Y. Li, W. Jiang, C. Gao, C. Zhuang,ACS Appl.Energy Mater., 2020, 3, 8048-8054.
[100] C. Bie, B. Zhu, F. Xu, L. Zhang, J. Yu,Adv. Mater., 2019, 31, 1902868.
[101] Y. Liu, Y. Ma, W. Liu, Y. Shang, A. Zhu, P. Tan, X. Xiong, J. Pan,J.Colloid Interface Sci., 2018, 513, 222-230.
[102] Y. Zhang, Z. Peng, S. Guan, X. Fu,Appl.Catal.B, 2018, 224, 1000-1008.
[103] S. Tang, Y. Xia, J. Fan, B. Cheng, J. Yu, W. Ho,Chin.J.Catal., 2021, 42, 743-752.
[104] Y. Ma, G. Hai, D. G. Atinafu, W. Dong, R. Li, C. Hou, G. Wang,J.Colloid Interface Sci., 2020, 569, 89-100.
[105] H. Li, J. Zhang, X. Zhou, Z. Wu, L. Zhang,J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2025, 231, 1-10.
[106] R. Li, F. Xie, P. Kuang, T. Liu, J. Yu,Small, 2024, 20, 2402867.
[107] F. Liu, B. Sun, Z. Liu, Y. Wei, T. Gao, G. Zhou,Chin.J.Catal., 2024, 64, 152-165.
[108] X. Chen, Q. Zhang, Y. Wang, X. Han, X. Li, P. Xu,J.Mater.Sci.Technol., 2025, 238, 86-96.
[109] P. Zhang, D. Luan, X. W. Lou,Adv. Mater., 2020, 32, 2004561.
[110] J. Chen, Z. Shen, S. Lv, K. Shen, R. Wu, X.-F. Jiang, T. Fan, J. Chen, Y. Li,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2018, 6, 19631-19642.
[111] X.-L. Li, R.-B. He, Y.-J. Dai, S.-S. Li, N. Xiao, A.-X. Wang, Y.-Q. Gao, N. Li, J.-F. Gao, L.-H. Zhang, L. Ge,Chem.Eng.J., 2020, 400, 125474.
[112] Q. Wang, G. Xu, G. Han,Cryst.Growth Des., 2006, 6, 1776-1780.
[113] Y.-J. Yuan, D. Chen, Z.-T. Yu, Z.-G. Zou,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2018, 6, 11606-11630.
[114] S. Kai, B. Xi, D. Wei, S. Xiong,Nanoscale, 2019, 11, 5571-5579.
[115] R. Shen, D. Ren, Y. Ding, Y. Guan, Y. H. Ng, P. Zhang, X. Li,Sci.China Mater., 2020, 63, 2153-2188.
[116] M. Ahmad, X. Quan, S. Chen, H. Yu, Z. Zeng,Appl.Catal.B, 2021, 283, 119601.
[117] S. Liu, K. Wang, M. Yang, Z. Jin,Acta Phys.-Chim. Sin., 2022, 38, 2109023.
[118] Z. Zhao, X. Li, K. Dai, J. Zhang, G. Dawson,J.Mater.Sci.Technol., 2022, 117, 109-119.
[119] Y. Liu, F. Kang, C. Bi, J. Shi, G. Gao, Y. An, Z. Huang,J.Colloid Interface Sci., 2023, 652, 2066-2075.
[120] H. Wen, W. Duan, L. Guo, Q. Wang, X. Fu, Y. Wang, R. Li, B. Jin, R. Du, C. Yang, D. Wang,Appl.Catal.B, 2024, 345, 123641.
[121] S. Li, C. You, Q. Xue, Y. Zhao, F. Yang, Y. Liu, L. Bai, M. Zhang, C. Zhuang,J.Mater.Sci.Technol., 2025, 214, 255-265.
[122] P. Sun, J. Zhang, Y. Song, Z. Mo, Z. Chen, H. Xu,Acta Phys.Chim.Sin., 2024, 40, 2311001.
[123] M. Huang, X. Luo, Z. Ai, Y. Li, K. Zhang, Y. Shao, B. Huang, Y. Wu, X. Hao,Sol.RRL, 2021, 5, 2000685.
[124] H.-B. Huang, Z.-B. Fang, K. Yu, J. Lü, R. Cao,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2020, 8, 3882-3891.
[125] R. Wang, Z. Zheng, Z. Li, X. Xu,Chem.Eng.J., 2024, 480, 147970.
[126] C. Wu, K. Lv, X. Li, Q. Li,Chin.J.Catal., 2023, 54, 137-160.
[127] P.-Y. Kuang, P.-X. Zheng, Z.-Q. Liu, J.-L. Lei, H. Wu, N. Li, T.-Y. Ma,Small, 2016, 12, 6735-6744.
[128] Z. Li, W. Huang, J. Liu, K. Lv, Q. Li,ACS Catal., 2021, 11, 8510-8520.
[129] X. Cai, L. Mao, S. Yang, K. Han, J. Zhang,ACS Energy Lett., 2018, 3, 932-939.
[130] L. Ma, K. Chen, F. Nan, J.-H. Wang, D.-J. Yang, L. Zhou, Q.-Q. Wang,Adv.Funct.Mater., 2016, 26, 6076-6083.
[131] S. Naskar, F. Lübkemann, S. Hamid, A. Freytag, A. Wolf, J. Koch, I. Ivanova, H. Pfnür, D. Dorfs, D. W. Bahnemann, N. C. Bigall,Adv.Funct.Mater., 2017, 27, 1604685.
[132] S.-I. Naya, T. Kume, R. Akashi, M. Fujishima, H. Tada,J.Am.Chem.Soc., 2018, 140, 1251-1254.
[133] I. Vamvasakis, B. Liu, G. S. Armatas,Adv.Funct.Mater., 2016, 26, 8062-8071.
[134] Q. Li, F. Zhao, C. Qu, Q. Shang, Z. Xu, L. Yu, J. R.McBride, T. Lian,J.Am.Chem.Soc., 2018, 140, 11726-11734.
[135] E. Aronovitch, L. Houben, M. Bar-Sadan,Chem.Mater., 2019, 31, 7231-7237.
[136] P. Fatahi, A. Roy, M. Bahrami, S. J. Hoseini,ACS Appl.Energy Mater., 2018, 1, 5318-5327.
[137] H. Zhang, C. Shao, Z. Wang, J. Zhang, K. Dai,J.Mater.Sci.Technol., 2024, 195, 146-154.
[138] Z. Meng, J. Zhang, C. Jiang, C. Trapalis, L. Zhang, J. Yu,Small, 2024, 20, 2308952.
[139] Q. Zhao, W. Yao, C. Huang, Q. Wu, Q. Xu,ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces, 2017, 9, 42734-42741.
[140] H. Long, X. Zhang, Z. Zhang, J. Zhang, J. Yu, H. Yu,Nat.Commun., 2025, 16, 946.
[141] X. Yin, D. Gao, J. Zhang, H. García, J. Yu, H. Yu,J.Am.Chem.Soc., 2025, 147, 34881-34890.
[142] W. Zhong, J. Xu, X. Zhang, J. Zhang, X. Wang, H. Yu,Adv. Funct. Mater., 2023, 33, 2302325.
[143] Y. Chen, S. Ji, C. Chen, Q. Peng, D. Wang, Y. Li,Joule, 2018, 2, 1242-1264.
[144] H. Liu, J. Peng, X. Zhang, K. Zheng, L. Zheng, K. Lv, Q. Li, P. Zhou,Chem.Eng.J., 2025, 504, 158618.
[145] S. Qiu, Y. Shen, G. Wei, S. Yao, W. Xi, M. Shu, R. Si, M. Zhang, J. Zhu, C. An,Appl.Catal.B, 2019, 259, 118036.
[146] W. Li, Y. Dang, T. Ma, J. Li, G. Liao, F. Gao, W. Duan, X. Wang, C. Wang,Sol.RRL, 2023, 7, 2300110.
[147] Z. Wang, J. Yang, J. Gan, W. Chen, F. Zhou, X. Zhou, Z. Yu, J. Zhu, X. Duan, Y. Wu,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2020, 8, 10755-10760.
[148] H. Zhang, Y. Dong, S. Zhao, G. Wang, P. Jiang, J. Zhong, Y. Zhu,Appl.Catal.B, 2020, 261, 118233.
[149] S. S. Gupta, M. A. van Huis,J.Phys.Chem.C, 2019, 123, 9298-9310.
[150] F. Wu, X. Zhang, L. Wang, G. Li, J. Huang, A. Song, A. Meng, Z. Li,Small, 2024, 20, 2309439.
[151] P. Sharma, M. Sharma, M. Dearg, M. Wilding, T. J. A.Slater, C. R. A. Catlow,Angew.Chem.Int.Ed., 2023, 62, e202301239.
[152] K. Yang, Y. Huang, T. Wang, Y. Li, Y. Du, J. Ling, Z. Fan, C. Zhang, C. Ma,Adv. Mater., 2024, 36, 2409832.
[153] J. Zhang, Y. Pan, D. Feng, L. Cui, S. Zhao, J. Hu, S. Wang, Y. Qin,Adv. Mater., 2023, 35, 2300902.
[154] J.-Q. Chen, Y.-S. Cai, X. Yan, Q.-L. Mo, J.-N. Yuan, C.-H. Liu, Y. Wu, F.-X. Xiao,Small, 2024, 20, 2405228.
[155] X. Xiang, L. Zhang, C. Luo, J. Zhang, B. Cheng, G. Liang, Z. Zhang, J. Yu,Appl.Catal.B, 2024, 340, 123196.
[156] J. Zhu, X. Li,Chin. J. Catal., 2025, 72, 1-3.
[157] H. Li, R. Li, Y. Jing, B. Liu, Q. Xu, T. Tan, G. Liu, L. Zheng, L.-Z. Wu,ACS Catal., 2024, 14, 7308-7320.
[158] B. He, C. Bie, X. Fei, B. Cheng, J. Yu, W. Ho, A. A.Al-Ghamdi, S. Wageh,Appl.Catal.B, 2021, 288, 119994.
[159] S. Zhao, J. Wu, Y. Xu, X. Zhang, Y. Han, H. Xing,Dalton Trans., 2021, 50, 3253-3260.
[160] C. Wu, W. Huang, H. Liu, K. Lv, Q. Li,Appl.Catal.B, 2023, 330, 122653.
[161] Y. Zou, J.-W. Shi, D. Ma, Z. Fan, L. Cheng, D. Sun, Z. Wang, C. Niu,ChemSusChem, 2018, 11, 1187-1197.
[162] D. Ma, J.-W. Shi, L. Sun, Y. Sun, S. Mao, Z. Pu, C. He, Y. Zhang, D. He, H. Wang, Y. Cheng,Chem.Eng.J., 2022, 431, 133446.
[163] X. Wang, Q. Li, H. Xu, L. Gan, X. Ji, H. Liu, R. Zhang,Int.J.Hydrogen Energy, 2020, 45, 28394-28403.
[164] A. Meng, L. Zhang, B. Cheng, J. Yu,Adv. Mater., 2019, 31, 1807660.
[165] R. Liu, Z. Ni, O. Ruzimuradov, K. Turayev, T. Liu, L. Yu, P. Kuang,Acta Phys.Chim.Sin., 2025, 41, 100159.
[166] W. Zhong, A. Meng, Y. Su, H. Yu, P. Han, J. Yu,Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2025, 64, e202425038.
[167] W. Li, Z. Ni, O. Akdim, T. Liu, B. Zhu, P. Kuang, J. Yu,Adv.Mater., 2025, 37, 2503742.
[168] L. Yin, X. Hai, K. Chang, F. Ichihara, J. Ye,Small, 2018, 14, 1704153.
[169] S. Iqbal, Z. Pan, K. Zhou,Nanoscale, 2017, 9, 6638-6642.
[170] D. A. Reddy, H. Park, S. Hong, D. P. Kumar, T. K. Kim,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2017, 5, 6981-6991.
[171] D. V. Markovskaya, S. V. Cherepanova, E. Y. Gerasimov, A. V. Zhurenok, A. V. Selivanova, D. S. Selishchev, E. A. Kozlova,RSC Adv., 2020, 10, 1341-1350.
[172] Q. Li, T. Shi, X. Li, K. Lv, M. Li, F. Liu, H. Li, M. Lei,Appl. Catal. B, 2018, 229, 8-14.
[173] L. Zhang, G. Wang, Z. Jin,New J.Chem., 2019, 43, 6411-6421.
[174] Y. Xu, Y. Gong, H. Ren, W. Liu, C. Li, X. Liu, L. Niu,J.Alloys Compd., 2018, 735, 2551-2557.
[175] Y. Zhang, J. Wang, N. Xu, X. Wang, W. Su,Int.J.Hydrogen Energy, 2020, 45, 21532-21539.
[176] D. V. Markovskaya, E. A. Kozlova, E. Y. Gerasimov, A. V. Bukhtiyarov, D. V. Kozlov,Appl.Catal.A, 2018, 563, 170-176.
[177] Z. Yan, Z. Sun, X. Liu, H. Jia, P. Du,Nanoscale, 2016, 8, 4748-4756.
[178] Q. Ruan, X. Ma, Y. Li, J. Wu, Z. Wang, Y. Geng, W. Wang, H. Lin, L. Wang,Nanoscale, 2020, 12, 20522-20535.
[179] I. Vamvasakis, I. T. Papadas, T. Tzanoudakis, C. Drivas, S. A. Choulis, S. Kennou, G. S. Armatas,ACS Catal., 2018, 8, 8726-8738.
[180] J. Zhang, W. Yao, C. Huang, P. Shi, Q. Xu,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2017, 5, 12513-12519.
[181] L.-F. Hong, R.-T. Guo, Y. Yuan, X.-Y. Ji, Z.-D. Lin, Z.-S. Li, W.-G. Pan,ChemSusChem, 2021, 14, 539-557.
[182] Z. Sun, B. Lv, J. Li, M. Xiao, X. Wang, P. Du,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2016, 4, 1598-1602.
[183] H. He, J. Cao, M. Guo, H. Lin, J. Zhang, Y. Chen, S. Chen,Appl.Catal.B, 2019, 249, 246-256.
[184] D. Dai, L. Wang, N. Xiao, S. Li, H. Xu, S. Liu, B. Xu, D. Lv, Y. Gao, W. Song, L. Ge, J. Liu,Appl.Catal.B, 2018, 233, 194-201.
[185] T. Hu, K. Dai, J. Zhang, S. Chen,Appl.Catal.B, 2020, 269, 118844.
[186] S. Peng, Y. Yang, J. Tan, C. Gan, Y. Li,Appl.Surf.Sci., 2018, 447, 822-828.
[187] B. Sun, J. Wu, W. Wang, H. Wang, Y. Li, Z. Guo, Y. Geng, H. Lin, L. Wang,Appl.Surf.Sci., 2021, 542, 148542.
[188] S. Dhingra, C. M. Nagaraja,Int.J.Hydrogen Energy, 2018, 43, 22917-22928.
[189] T. Yu, Y. Si, Z. Lv, K. Wang, Q. Zhang, X. Liu, G. Wang, G. Xie, L. Jiang,Int.J.Hydrogen Energy, 2019, 44, 31832-31840.
[190] X.-L. Yin, L.-L. Li, S.-R. Han, X.-X. Du, D.-H. Pang, M. Wang, D.-C. Li, J.-M. Dou,J.Taiwan Inst.Chem.Eng., 2019, 103, 110-117.
[191] Z. Liang, X. Dong,J.Colloid Interface Sci., 2021, 583, 196-203.
[192] K. Sun, J. Shen, Y. Yang, H. Tang, C. Lei,Appl.Surf.Sci., 2020, 505, 144042.
[193] M.-Y. Dou, S.-R. Han, X.-X. Du, D.-H. Pang, L.-L. Li,Int.J.Hydrogen Energy, 2020, 45, 32039-32049.
[194] K. H. Do, D. P. Kumar, A. P. Rangappa, Y. Hong, D. A. Reddy, T. K. Kim,ChemCatChem, 2020, 12, 4550-4557.
[195] Q. Jian, Z. Jin, H. Wang, Y. Zhang, G. Wang,Dalton Trans., 2019, 48, 4341-4352.
[196] X. Yan, Z. Jin, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, H. Yuan,Dalton Trans., 2019, 48, 11122-11135.
[197] Y. Zhang, Z. Jin,Phys.Chem.Chem.Phys., 2019, 21, 8326-8341.
[198] B. Ma, R. Zhang, K. Lin, H. Liu, X. Wang, W. Liu, H. Zhan,Chin.J.Catal., 2018, 39, 527-533.
[199] L. Song, T. Li, S. Zhang, S. Zhang,Chem.Eng.J., 2017, 314, 498-507.
[200] D. P. Kumar, J. Choi, S. Hong, D. A. Reddy, S. Lee, T. K. Kim,ACS Sustainable Chem.Eng., 2016, 4, 7158-7166.
[201] Y.-H. Li, M.-Y. Qi, J.-Y. Li, Z.-R. Tang, Y.-J. Xu,Appl.Catal.B, 2019, 257, 117934.
[202] S. Zhu, J. Wang, Y. He, Z. Yu, X. Wang, W. Su,Catal.Sci.Technol., 2019, 9, 5394-5400.
[203] X. Yuan, D. Shen, Q. Zhang, G. Yang, B. Zhang, Y. Li, J. Zuo, F. Peng,Int.J.Hydrogen Energy, 2020, 45, 9397-9407.
[204] Q. Gai, S. Ren, X. Zheng, W. Liu, Q. Dong, R. Gao,New J.Chem., 2020, 44, 4332-4339.
[205] T. Wu, P. Wang, J. Qian, Y. Ao, C. Wang, J. Hou,Dalton Trans., 2017, 46, 13793-13801.
[206] L. Cheng, D. Zhang, J. Fan, Y. Liao, Q. Xiang,Appl.Catal.A, 2020, 590, 117336.
[207] J. Ran, G. Gao, F.-T. Li, T.-Y. Ma, A. Du, S.-Z. Qiao,Nat.Commun., 2017, 8, 13907.
[208] Y.-X. Pan, J.-B. Peng, S. Xin, Y. You, Y.-L. Men, F. Zhang, M.-Y. Duan, Y. Cui, Z.-Q. Sun, J. Song,ACS Sustainable Chem.Eng., 2017, 5, 5449-5456.
[209] B. Ma, H. Xu, K. Lin, J. Li, H. Zhan, W. Liu, C. Li,ChemSusChem, 2016, 9, 820-824.
[210] S.-S. Yi, J.-M. Yan, B.-R. Wulan, Q. Jiang,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2017, 5, 15862-15868.
[211] X. Jing, X. Peng, Y. Cao, W. Wang, S. Wang,RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 33993-33999.
[212] R. Shen, X. Lu, Q. Zheng, Q. Chen, Y. H. Ng, P. Zhang, X. Li,Sol.RRL, 2021, 5, 2100177.
[213] F. Yang, D. Liu, Y. Li, L. Cheng, J. Ye,Chem.Eng.J., 2020, 399, 125794.
[214] D. Ruan, M. Fujitsuka, T. Majima,Appl.Catal.B, 2020, 264, 118541.
[215] Y. Liu, Z. Yang, Y. H. Ng, J. Chen, J. Li, Q. Gan, Q. Liu, X. Yang, Y. Fang, S. Zhang,J.Mater.Sci.Technol., 2025, 215, 147-156.
[216] Q. Guo, F. Liang, X.-Y. Gao, Q.-C. Gan, X.-B. Li, J. Li, Z.-S. Lin, C.-H. Tung, L.-Z. Wu,ACS Catal., 2018, 8, 5890-5895.
[217] S. Ma, Y. Deng, J. Xie, K. He, W. Liu, X. Chen, X. Li,Appl.Catal.B, 2018, 227, 218-228.
[218] K. M. Cho, K. H. Kim, K. Park, C. Kim, S. Kim, A. Al-Saggaf, I. Gereige, H.-T. Jung,ACS Catal., 2017, 7, 7064-7069.
[219] S. G. Kumar, R. Kavitha, P. M. Nithya,J.Environ.Chem.Eng., 2020, 8, 104313.
[220] J. Zhang, S. Wageh, A. Al-Ghamdi, J. Yu,Appl.Catal.B, 2016, 192, 101-107.
[221] J. Mao, W. Xu, S. Seo,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2024, 12, 23218-23242.
[222] K. Li, M. Han, R. Chen, S.-L. Li, S.-L. Xie, C. Mao, X. Bu, X.-L. Cao, L.-Z. Dong, P. Feng, Y.-Q. Lan,Adv.Mater., 2016, 28, 8906-8911.
[223] N. Zhao, J. Peng, G. Liu, Y. Zhang, W. Lei, Z. Yin, J. Li, M. Zhai,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2018, 6, 18458-18468.
[224] W. Zhong, X. Wu, P. Wang, J. Fan, H. Yu,ACS Sustainable Chem.Eng., 2020, 8, 543-551.
[225] R. Shen, Y. Ding, S. Li, P. Zhang, Q. Xiang, Y. H. Ng, X. Li,Chin.J.Catal., 2021, 42, 25-36.
[226] M. Liu, D. Jing, Z. Zhou, L. Guo,Nat.Commun., 2013, 4, 2278.
[227] P. Mu, M. Zhou, K. Yang, X. Chen, Z. Yu, K. Lu, W. Huang, C. Yu, W. Dai,Inorg.Chem., 2021, 60, 14854-14865.
[228] H. Huang, Z. Wang, B. Luo, P. Chen, T. Lin, M. Xiao, S. Wang, B. Dai, W. Wang, J. Kou, C. Lu, Z. Xu, L. Wang,Nano Energy, 2020, 69, 104410.
[229] Y. Li, B. Sun, H. Lin, Q. Ruan, Y. Geng, J. Liu, H. Wang, Y. Yang, L. Wang, K. Chiu Tam,Appl.Catal.B, 2020, 267, 118702.
[230] Y. Tang, Z.-F. Xu, Y. Sun, C. Wang, Y. Guo, W. Hao, X. Tan, J. Ye, T. Yu,Energy Environ.Sci., 2024, 17, 7882-7894.
[231] D. Ren, R. Shen, Z. Jiang, X. Lu, X. Li,Chin.J.Catal., 2020, 41, 31-40.
[232] M. Yang, K. Wang, Y. Li, K. Yang, Z. Jin,Appl.Surf.Sci., 2021, 548, 149212.
[233] G. Sun, B. Xiao, J.-W. Shi, S. Mao, C. He, D. Ma, Y. Cheng,J.Colloid Interface Sci., 2021, 596, 215-224.
[234] Y. Chen, H. Xie, M. Ma, Z. Xing,Appl.Catal.B, 2024, 342, 123433.
[235] Z. Ai, K. Zhang, D. Shi, B. Chang, Y. Shao, L. Zhang, Y. Wu, X. Hao,Nano Energy, 2020, 69, 104408.
[236] H. Liu, T. Yan, Z. Jin, Q. Ma,New J.Chem., 2020, 44, 1426-1438.
[237] Z. Ai, K. Zhang, B. Chang, Y. Shao, L. Zhang, Y. Wu, X. Hao,Chem.Eng.J., 2020, 383, 123130.
[238] Y. Zhang, G. Wang, W. Ma, B. Ma, Z. Jin,Dalton Trans., 2018, 47, 11176-11189.
[239] H. Liu, P. Su, Z. Jin, Q. Guo,Dalton Trans., 2020, 49, 13393-13405.
[240] Y. Tang, D. Zhang, X. Qiu, L. Zeng, B. Huang, H. Li, X. Pu, Y. Geng,J.Alloys Compd., 2019, 809, 151855.
[241] Y. Liu, G. Wang, Y. Li, Z. Jin,J.Colloid Interface Sci., 2019, 554, 113-124.
[242] Y. Zhang, Z. Jin, H. Yuan, G. Wang, B. Ma,Appl.Surf.Sci., 2018, 462, 213-225.
[243] Z. Lian, M. Sakamoto, J. J. M. Vequizo, C. S. Kumara Ranasinghe, A. Yamakata, T. Nagai, K. Kimoto, Y. Kobayashi, N. Tamai, T. Teranishi,J.Am.Chem.Soc., 2019, 141, 2446-2450.
[244] M. Wei, X. Zhou, C. Cheng, J. Zhang, C. Jiang, B. Cheng,J.Mater.Sci.Technol., 2025, 232, 302-312.
[245] X. Liu, Z. Jiang,Chin. J. Catal., 2025, 70, 5-7.
[246] M. Sayed, K. Qi, X. Wu, L. Zhang, H. García, J. Yu,Chem.Soc.Rev., 2025, 54, 4874-4921.
[247] S. Zhou, D. Wen, W. Zhong, J. Zhang, Y. Su, A. Meng,J.Mater.Sci.Technol., 2024, 199, 53-65.
[248] J. Yang, X. Hao, J. Jing, Y. Hao, Z. Jin,Acta Phys.-Chim. Sin., 2025, 41, 100131.
[249] Y. Huo, X. Zhou, F. Zhao, C. Ai, Z. Wu, Z. Chang, B. Zhu,Acta Phys.Chim.Sin., 2025, 41, 100148.
[250] W. Fu, S. Wang, Y. Zhang, B. Cheng, Y. Wu,J.Mater.Sci.Technol., 2025, 232, 181-190.
[251] D. Ren, W. Zhang, Y. Ding, R. Shen, Z. Jiang, X. Lu, X. Li,Sol.RRL, 2020, 4, 1900423.
[252] X. Chen, T. Hu, J. Zhang, C. Yang, K. Dai, C. Pan,J.Alloys Compd., 2021, 863, 158068.
[253] S. Wang, B. Cheng, K. Qi,Chin.J.Catal., 2025, 78, 1-3.
[254] Z. Meng, J. Zhang, H. Long, H. García, L. Zhang, B. Zhu, J. Yu,Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2025, 64, e202505456.
[255] S. Zulfiqar, S. Liu, N. Rahman, H. Tang, S. Shah, X.-H. Yu, Q.-Q. Liu,Rare Met., 2021, 40, 2381-2391.
[256] J. Peng, J. Shen, X. Yu, H. Tang, Zulfiqar, Q. Liu,Chin.J.Catal., 2021, 42, 87-96.
[257] A. H. Raza, S. Farhan, Z. Yu, Y. Wu,Acta Phys.-Chim.Sin., 2024, 40, 2406020.
[258] Y. Zhang, S. Wang,Chin. J. Catal., 2025, 71, 1-4.
[259] X. Wu, M. Sayed, G. Wang, W. Yu, B. Zhu,Adv.Mater., 2025, https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202511322.
[260] B. Liu, K. Meng, B. Cheng, L. Wang, G. Liang, C. Bie,J.Mater.Sci.Technol., 2025, 231, 286-295.
[261] G. Tang, J. Zhang, C. Bie, X. Zheng, C. Jiang, J. Yu,Adv.Mater., 2025, 37, e14576.
[262] C. Cheng, B. He, J. Fan, B. Cheng, S. Cao, J. Yu,Adv.Mater., 2021, 33, 2100317.
[263] M. Gu, J. Zhang, I. V. Kurganskii, A. S. Poryvaev, M. V. Fedin, B. Cheng, J. Yu, L. Zhang,Adv.Mater., 2025, 37, 2414803.
[264] M. Wei, C. Cheng, B. He, B. Cheng, K. Qi, C. Bie,Acta Phys.Chim.Sin., 2025, 41, 100158.
[265] J. Cai, C. Cheng, B. Liu, J. Zhang, C. Jiang, B. Cheng,Acta Phys.-Chim. Sin., 2025, 41, 100084.
[266] B. He, P. Xiao, S. Wan, J. Zhang, T. Chen, L. Zhang, J. Yu,Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2023, 62, e202313172.
[267] S. Wan, W. Wang, B. Cheng, G. Luo, Q. Shen, J. Yu, J. Zhang, S. Cao, L. Zhang,Nat.Commun., 2024, 15, 9612.
[268] R. Xiao, C. Zhao, Z. Zou, Z. Chen, L. Tian, H. Xu, H. Tang, Q. Liu, Z. Lin, X. Yang,Appl.Catal.B, 2020, 268, 118382.
[269] B. Sun, P. Qiu, Z. Liang, Y. Xue, X. Zhang, L. Yang, H. Cui, J. Tian,Chem.Eng.J., 2021, 406, 127177.
[270] S. Cheng, Q. Xiong, C. Zhao, X. Yang,Chin. J. Struct. Chem., 2022, 41, 2208058-2208064.
[271] Y. Dou, Y. Gao, B. Bai, J. Zheng, X. Wang, H. Li, Y. Li, Q. Bu, D. Ma, F. Ding, Y. Sun, Z. Xu,Int.J.Hydrogen Energy, 2025, 109, 453-464.
[272] P. Li, M. Liu, J. Li, J. Guo, Q. Zhou, X. Zhao, S. Wang, L. Wang, J. Wang, Y. Chen, J. Zhang, Q. Shen, P. Qu, H. Sun,J.Colloid Interface Sci., 2021, 604, 500-507.
[273] L. Mao, X.-Y. Cai, M.-S. Zhu,Rare Met., 2021, 40, 1067-1076.
[274] R. Gao, J. Bai, R. Shen, L. Hao, C. Huang, L. Wang, G. Liang, P. Zhang, X. Li,J.Mater.Sci.Technol., 2023, 137, 223-231.
[275] H. Yang, C. Yang, N. Zhang, K. Mo, Q. Li, K. Lv, J. Fan, L. Wen,Appl.Catal.B, 2021, 285, 119801.
[276] R. Shi, H.-F. Ye, F. Liang, Z. Wang, K. Li, Y. Weng, Z. Lin, W.-F. Fu, C.-M. Che, Y. Chen,Adv.Mater., 2018, 30, 1705941.
[277] X. Ning, W. Zhen, X. Zhang, G. Lu,ChemSusChem, 2019, 12, 1410-1420.
[278] W. Gao, Y. Wu, G. Lu,Catal.Sci.Technol., 2020, 10, 2389-2397.
[279] W. Chen, G.-B. Huang, H. Song, J. Zhang,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2020, 8, 20963-20969.
[280] Y.-J. Yuan, D. Chen, S. Yang, L.-X. Yang, J.-J. Wang, D. Cao, W. Tu, Z.-T. Yu, Z.-G. Zou,J.Mater.Chem.A, 2017, 5, 21205-21213.
[281] Z. Qin, X. Guan, X. Guo, P. Guo, M. Wang, Z. Huang, Y. Chen,ChemSusChem, 2020, 13, 6528-6533.
[282] Y.-L. Li, X.-J. Wang, Y.-J. Hao, J. Zhao, Y. Liu, H.-Y. Mu, F.-T. Li,Chin.J.Catal., 2021, 42, 1040-1050.
[283] J. Pan, P. Wang, P. Wang, Q. Yu, J. Wang, C. Song, Y. Zheng, C. Li,Chem.Eng.J., 2021, 405, 126622.
[284] B. Qiu, L. Cai, N. Zhang, X. Tao, Y. Chai,Adv.Sci., 2020, 7, 1903568.
[285] X. Zhou, Y. Fang, X. Cai, S. Zhang, S. Yang, H. Wang, X. Zhong, Y. Fang,ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces, 2020, 12, 20579-20588.
[286] C. Duanmu, T. Wang, X.-Y. Meng, J.-J. Li, Y.-N. Zhou, Y.-X. Pan,Angew.Chem.Int.Ed., 2025, 64, e202412796.
[287] H.-F. Ye, R. Shi, X. Yang, W.-F. Fu, Y. Chen,Appl.Catal.B, 2018, 233, 70-79.
[288] H. Jiang, X. Li, W. Zheng, H. Xu, S. Hou, L. Zheng, H. Zheng, L. Mao, X. Shi,ACS Appl.Nano Mater., 2023, 6, 17161-17170.
[289] Y.-H. Li, Y.-F. Wang, J.-Y. Li, M.-Y. Qi, M. Conte, Z.-R. Tang, Y.-J. Xu,ACS Catal., 2024, 14, 657-669.
[290] D. Liu, A. Hazra, X. Liu, R. Maity, T. Tan, L. Luo,Angew.Chem.Int.Ed., 2024, 63, e202403186.
[291] B. Qi, R. Shen, Z. Ren, Y. Teng, H. Ding, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, L. Hao, X. Li,J.Mater.Sci.Technol., 2025, 232, 65-73.
[292] B. Feng, B. Qi, S. Wang, P. Zhang, R. Shen, Y. Li, X. Li,Energy Environ. Mater., 2025, DOI: 10.1002/eem2.70153.
[293] G. Sun, Z. Tai, J. Zhang, B. Cheng, H. Yu, J. Yu,Appl.Catal.B, 2024, 358, 124459.
[294] J.-Y. Li, Y.-H. Li, M.-Y. Qi, Q. Lin, Z.-R. Tang, Y.-J. Xu,ACS Catal., 2020, 10, 6262-6280.
[295] M.-Y. Qi, Y.-H. Li, F. Zhang, Z.-R. Tang, Y. Xiong, Y.-J. Xu,ACS Catal., 2020, 10, 3194-3202.
[296] X. Xiang, B. Zhu, J. Zhang, C. Jiang, T. Chen, H. Yu, J. Yu, L. Wang,Appl.Catal.B, 2023, 324, 122301.
[297] C. Li, H. Wang, S. B. Naghadeh, J.-Z. Zhang, P. Fang,Appl.Catal.B, 2018, 227, 229-239.
[298] X. Li, Z. Su, H. Jiang, J. Liu, L. Zheng, H. Zheng, S. Wu, X. Shi,Small, 2024, 20, 2400617.
[299] T. Roostaei, M. R. Rahimpour, M. Eisapour, J. Zhao, H. Zhao, Z. Chen, J. Hu,Mater.Today Chem., 2024, 35, 101882.
[300] Y. Xiang, J. Zhang, F. Huang, N. Xiao, Y. Fan, J. Zhang, H. Zheng, J. Chen, F. Zhang,Chin.J.Catal., 2024, 59, 149-158.