催化学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 718-727.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(17)62913-9

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

离子交换法制备高光催化活性Bi2WO6@Bi2S3异质结纳米片

黄婷婷a, 李雨涵a,b, 伍晓峰a, 吕康乐a, 李覃a, 李玫a, 杜冬云a, 叶恒朋a   

  1. a 中南民族大学资源与环境学院催化材料科学湖北省重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430074;
    b 香港教育大学科学与环境系, 香港
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-22 修回日期:2017-11-26 出版日期:2018-04-18 发布日期:2018-04-08
  • 通讯作者: 吕康乐, 李玫
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(51672312,21571192,21373275);武汉市科技计划(2016010101010018,2015070504020220);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2015BAB01B01);中南民族大学自然科学基金(XTZ15016,CZP17062).

In-situ transformation of Bi2WO6 to highly photoreactive Bi2WO6@Bi2S3 nanoplate via ion exchange

Tingting Huanga, Yuhan Lia,b, Xiaofeng Wua, Kangle Lva, Qin Lia, Mei Lia, Dongyun Dua, Hengpeng Yea   

  1. a Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Hubei Province, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China;
    b Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, N. T., Hong Kong, China
  • Received:2017-10-22 Revised:2017-11-26 Online:2018-04-18 Published:2018-04-08
  • Contact: 10.1016/S1872-2067(17)62913-9
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51672312, 21571192, 21373275), the Science and Technology Program of Wuhan (2016010101010018, 2015070504020220), the Key Project in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period (2015BAB01B01), and the Natural Science Foundation of South-Central University for Nationalities (XTZ15016, CZP17062).

摘要:

社会经济快速发展的同时,也带来了日益严峻的环境污染问题.半导体光催化氧化技术因节能环保而在环境领域有广阔的应用前景.作为最具有代表性的半导体光催化材料,TiO2因为其禁带宽度(3.2eV)比较大,只能被紫外光激发,因而对太阳能的利用率较低.作为一种最简单的含铋层状氧化物,Bi2WO6的禁带宽度(2.7eV)相对较小,可以部分利用太阳光中的可见光,因而受到广大研究者的青睐.但是,Bi2WO6光催化材料的可见光响应范围较窄,仅能被波长小于450nm的光激发,且激发后的光生载流子容易复合,导致光催化效率不高.因此,迫切需要对Bi2WO6光催化材料进行结构修饰与改性,采用拓展其光响应范围和抑制载流子复合,来提高其光催化活性.
本文采用离子交换法原位合成了具有核-壳结构的Bi2S3@Bi2WO6纳米片,充分利用Bi2S3优良的可见光响应性能和半导体异质结光催化剂的构建,来提高Bi2WO6的光催化活性.结果表明,随着Na2S·9H2O用量从0增加到1.5g,所得催化剂的光活性不断提高,X3B的降解速率常数由0.40×10-3 min-1增加到6.6×10-3 min-1,催化剂活性提高了16.5倍.当进一步增加Na2S·9H2O的用量时(1.5-3.0g),复合催化剂的光活性下降.这是由于过多Na2S·9H2O的引入导致在催化剂表面生成了没有光活性的NaBiS2层(Bi2S3+Na2S=2NaBiS2),占据了催化剂的活性位点,阻碍了染料分子与催化剂的直接接触.Bi2WO6@Bi2S3异质结纳米片光活性的提高,可归因于Bi2S3的敏化作用极大拓展了复合催化剂的光响应范围;另一方面,Bi2WO6和Bi2S3两者之间的半导体异质结效应有效促进了光生载流子在空间的有效分离,抑制了光生电子-空穴的复合,从而提高了复合催化剂的催化效率.本研究为其他半导体复合材料的原位生长制备提供了新的思路.

关键词: Bi2S3, Bi2WO6, 离子交换, 光催化降解, 纳米片

Abstract:

As a two dimensional (2D) visible-light-responsive semiconductor photocatalyst, the photoreactivity of Bi2WO6 is not high enough for practical application owing to its limited response to visible light and rapid recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. In this paper, 2D core-shell structured Bi2WO6@Bi2S3 nanoplates were prepared by calcination of a mixture of Bi2WO6 (1.3 g) and a certain amount of Na2S·9H2O (0-3.0 g) at 350℃ for 2 h. The reactivity of the resulting photocatalyst materials was evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of Brilliant Red X-3B (X3B), an anionic dye, under visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm). As the amount of Na2S·9H2O was increased from 0 to 1.5 g, the degradation rate constant of X3B sharply increased from 0.40×10-3 to 6.6×10-3 min-1. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of Bi2WO6@Bi2S3 was attributed to the photosensitization of Bi2S3, which greatly extended the light-responsive range from the visible to the NIR, and the formation of a heterojunction, which retarded the recombination rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. However, further increases in the amount of Na2S·9H2O (from 1.5 to 3.0 g) resulted in a decrease of the photocatalytic activity of the Bi2WO6@Bi2S3 nanoplates owing to the formation of a photo-inactive NaBiS2 layer covering the Bi2WO6 surface.

Key words: Bi2S3, Bi2WO6, Ion exchange, Photocatalytic degradation, Nanoplate