Advances in metal oxide catalysts for efficient VOCs oxidation: Synthesis strategy and catalytic mechanism

doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(25)64891-1

Chinese Journal of Catalysis ›› 2026, Vol. 81: 97-123.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(25)64891-1

• Review • Previous Articles Next Articles

Advances in metal oxide catalysts for efficient VOCs oxidation: Synthesis strategy and catalytic mechanism

Fan Dang^a, Chunli Ai^a, Chi Ma^a, Zeyu Jiang^a(), Jicheng Liu^a, Mingjiao Tian^a, Mingzhuo Zhang^b, Chi He^a^,^c()

^a State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
^b Department of Mechanical Engineering (International Class of 3D Printing), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
^c National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China

Received:2025-06-11 Accepted:2025-09-04 Online:2026-02-18 Published:2025-12-26
Contact: *E-mail: jiangzeyu@xjtu.edu.cn (Z. Jiang),chi_he@xjtu.edu.cn (C. He).
About author:Zeyu Jiang (State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University) received his Ph.D degree in 2022 from Xi'an Jiaotong University. At the end of 2022, he joined the faculty of Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University. His research interests currently focus on catalytic oxidation and high-value utilization of volatile organic compounds, methanol/ethanol dry-reforming, and CO₂ hydrogenation. He has coauthored more than 50 peer-reviewed papers, and authorized 12 patents.
Chi He (State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University) received his Ph.D degree in 2010 from Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). His research interests currently focus on environmental catalysis, atmospheric pollution control/resource utilization chemistry, nano functional materials, heterogeneous thermal/electro-catalysis, fundamental and applied technology on solid waste utilization. He has coauthored more than 200 peer-reviewed papers with citation over 16000, and authorized 52 patents.
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(22406146);National Natural Science Foundation of China(22276145);National Natural Science Foundation of China(22476157);National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB4101500);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M732783)

Abstract

Abstract:

The severe hazard of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) makes their decomposition technology a key topic research. Catalytic oxidation is an efficient and environmentally friendly strategy for removing VOCs. The metal oxide catalysts dominate VOCs oxidation reactions, owing to their cost-effectiveness, robust redox properties, tunable crystal structures, and excellent operational stability. Thus, designing high-performance metal oxide catalysts is important. This review systematically summarized the recent advances in constructing highly efficient active metal oxides, with emphasis on representative preparation method, the structure performance relationship, and the reaction mechanism of different types VOCs. Finally, the remaining challenges for creating metal oxide catalysts in practical applications are discussed.

Key words: Metal oxide catalysts, Volatile organic compounds oxidation, Synthesis strategy, Structure modulation, Reaction mechanism

Fan Dang, Chunli Ai, Chi Ma, Zeyu Jiang, Jicheng Liu, Mingjiao Tian, Mingzhuo Zhang, Chi He. Advances in metal oxide catalysts for efficient VOCs oxidation: Synthesis strategy and catalytic mechanism[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2026, 81: 97-123.

×
share this article

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/10.1016/S1872-2067(25)64891-1

https://www.cjcatal.com/EN/Y2026/V81/I2/97

Figures/Tables 15

Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of the main concept of this review.

Fig. 2. (a) Typical structures of spinel catalysts: normal spinel (MgAl2O4), inverse spinel (NiFe2O4) and complex spinel (CuAl2O4). Reproduced with permission from Ref. [20]. Copyright 2024, American Chemical Society. (b) The schematic of specific modification methods for catalyst. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [30]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier.

Fig. 3. (a) Schematic diagram of hierarchical hollow, shell, and porous nanoreactors. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [32]. Copyright 2018, Wiley. (b) EDS mapping images of FeOx-CeOx/SBA-15. (c) Schematic illustration of formaldehyde oxidation over the FeOx-CeOx/SBA-15 catalyst. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [33]. Copyright 2022, American Chemical Society. (d) Synergistic catalytic mechanism of toluene oxidation on porous hollow CoxMn3?xO4 normal-reverse coexisted spinel catalyst. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [35]. Copyright 2022, Elsevier. (e) Catalytic performance of toluene oxidation over porous CeaMnOx catalysts. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [36] Copyright 2019, Elsevier. (f) Template classification diagram. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [37]. Copyright 2022, Oxford University Press. (g) Toluene signals and CO2 signals of various catalysts in the toluene-TPD test. (h) Catalytic activities (T10, T50 and T90) of the three catalysts. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [43]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier. (i) Schematic illustration of the formation process of NiCo2O4 core-in-double-shell hollow spheres. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [47]. Copyright 2014, Wiley.

Fig. 4. (a) Schematic of cube Co3O4-(100), sheet Co3O4-(111), rod Co3O4-(110) for catalyzing propane. (b) Corresponded k3-weighted Fourier-transformed spectra of cube Co3O4-(100), sheet Co3O4-(111), rod Co3O4-(110) for catalyzing propane. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [54]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier. (c) XPS spectra of the Mn 2p. (d) Ethanol oxidation activity on Mn3O4 catalyst with three different crystals surfaces. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [55]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier. (e) Adsorption energies of O2 on the NiO (111) crystal surface. (f) Reaction rate of the NiO samples at different temperatures. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [56]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier. (g) Conceptual diagram of α-MnO2 with different exposed facets for converting formaldehyde. (h) Temperature dependence on HCHO conversion over α-MnO2 with different exposed facets. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [57]. Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society. (i) Pyridine desorption FT-IR spectra of Nano-CeO2 samples. The pyridine desorption was carried out at 150 °C. (j) Reaction Pathway for Cyclohexane Oxidation and TEM images of catalysts. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [58]. Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society.

Fig. 5. (a) Propane conversion rate of SmMnO3 and SmNi0.1Mn0.9O3. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [57]. Copyright 2024, American Chemical Society. (b) the R-space Fourier-transformed FT (k3χ(k)) of Co K-edge EXAFS profiles recorded for LaCoO3 and LaCoO3-D43 catalysts. (c) Calculated DOSs for LaCoO3 with La and O defects. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [67]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier. (d) Comparison of catalytic activity between of Co3O4-L and reported catalysts. (e) Normalized Co K-edge XANES spectra of samples. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [68]. Copyright 2024, American Chemical Society. (f) Proposed mechanism of toluene catalytic oxidation over Co3-xO4-y. (g) Raman spectra over the of Co3-xO4-y, Co3-xO4, Co3O4-y, and Co3O4 catalysts. (h) DFT calculation of oxygen vacancy formation energy. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [69]. Copyright 2022, American Chemical Society. (i) Proposed mechanism for toluene oxidation over Mn-based catalysts. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [70]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier.

Fig. 6. (a) H2-TPR profiles of Cu-Mn based catalysts. (b) Selectivity of CO and CO2 at 30 °C. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [79]. Copyright 2022, American Chemical Society. (c) Schematic diagram of CeO2 supported Co3O4 catalyst for propane oxidation. (d) Oxygen adsorption and propane adsorption capacity of Co3O4 and CeO2 supported Co3O4 catalysts. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [80]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier. (e) TEM of CuO-Fe3O4 interface. (f) Cu K-edge EXAFS data for CuO-Fe3O4. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [82]. Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society. (g) Schematic illustrating Cu-Mn oxides for catalyzing acetone. (h) Probable toluene oxidation mechanism at the MnO2-Mn2O3 interface of T-0.5. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [84]. Copyright 2020, Elsevier.

Fig. 7. (a) Chemical composition of HEO. (b) Arrhenius activation energy fitting calculation for the HEO and MMO. (c) Density query for mismatch of figure and caption of states spectrogram. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [93]. Copyright 2015, American Chemical Society. (d) Methane catalytic activity of (Zr,Ce)0.6(Mg,La,Y,Hf,Ti,Cr,Mn)0.3Pd0.1O2?x, (Zr,Ce)0.6Mg0.3Pd0.1O2?x, and PdOx. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [94]. Copyright 2021, Springer Nature. (e) The performance of methanol oxidation over Pt-based materials. (f) Co 2p XPS spectra of samples. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [98]. Copyright 2019, Wiley. (g) Proposed mechanism of benzene oxidation over the PtMo/Al2O3 samples. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [105]. Copyright 2020, Elsevier. (h) Proposed surface mechanism and intrinsic mechanism of toluene oxidation over the EMSI-modulated Pt-Pd/CeO2 catalyst. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [106]. Copyright 2023, Elsevier. (i) Proposed mechanism of Pt-Ni bimetallic single-atom catalyst oxidating benzene. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [107]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier.

Fig. 9. (a) Schematic diagram of propane catalytic oxidation in Co-Mn binary oxides. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [113]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier. (b) Proposed reaction pathway on MnxCr3−xO4 catalyst for total oxidation of propane. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [114]. Copyright 2023, Elsevier. (c) Schematic diagram of methane reaction mechanism over Ni-doped cobalt-based spinel catalysts. (d) In-situ DRIFTS dynamic experiments: CH4 oxidation of Ni0.5Co2.5O4 in reaction conditions (1% CH4 + 20% O2 balanced with N2) at 200?300 °C. (e) Atomic composition and Bader charges of the surface element showing steps of the first C-H bond activation over the Co3O4 (110) and Ni0.5Co2.5O4 (110) surface. (f) Differential charge density diagram and change of Bader charge before and after adsorption of the OCHO species over Co3O4 (110) and Ni0.5Co2.5O4 (110). Reproduced with permission from Ref. [115]. Copyright 2024, American Chemical Society. (g) CH4 oxidation process over Co3O4/La2O2CO3/LaCoO3 catalyst. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [116]. Copyright 2023, Elsevier.

Fig. 10. (a) Two reaction pathways for the ring opening of benzene on CuMn2O4. (b) The energy profile and optimized structures of C5H4O* decomposition. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [119]. Copyright 2022, Elsevier. (c) The proposal reaction pathway over Co3O4 catalyst for toluene oxidation with gas-phase oxygen. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [120]. Copyright 2020, Elsevier. (d) Proposed mechanism for toluene oxidation on Mn-based catalyst. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [121]. Copyright 2020, Elsevier. (e) Schematic for comparison over MOF-derived Co3O4 with different shapes. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [124]. Copyright 2021, American Chemical Society. (f) The density of states (DOS) of Ce0.06-Co3O4. (g) The charge density difference plot at CeO2-Co3O4 interface. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [125]. Copyright 2025, Elsevier.

Fig. 11. (a) Reaction mechanism of CuMn2O4 for formaldehyde oxidation. (b) The energy profile and optimized structures of direct dehydrogenation and oxygen vacancy formation on the CuMn2O4 surface. (c) Adsorption energies of HCHO on CuMn2O4 surface. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [126]. Copyright 2023, Elsevier. (d) Graph of the mechanism of alkali etched CuMn2O4?δ spinel for acetone catalytic oxidation. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [128]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier. (e) Reaction pathways for acetone oxidation on the surface of SmMn2O5. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [129]. Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society. (f) Scheme of the ethyl acetate oxidation over Mn2O3 catalyst. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [130]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier. (g) Mechanistic insight into catalytic combustion of Ethyl Acetate on modified CeO2 nanobelts. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [131]. Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society. (h) The possible synergistic mechanism of CuO/CeO2 catalyst. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [132]. Copyright 2023, Elsevier.

Fig. 12. (a) Mechanism diagram for revealing the promotional effect of Zr and phosphate Co-decorated on δ-MnO2 catalysts for highly efficient catalytic elimination of chlorinated VOCs. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [133]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier. (b) Proposed 1,2-DCE oxidation mechanism over prepared catalysts. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [134]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier. (c) Mechanistic study on the role of oxygen vacancy for methylene chloride oxidation over LaMnO3. (d) Energy profiles and optimized structures of reaction CH2Cl2* → CH2Cl* + Cl* on defective LaMnO3 surface. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [135]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier. (e) In-situ DRIFTS of DCM catalytic oxidation on Co4Cr/WNb. (f) Effect of inserting Cr in promoting the deep oxidation of dichloromethane over Co/WNb catalysts at low temperatures. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [136]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier. (g) NH3-TPD profiles. (h) relationship between Ea, reaction rate and Brönsted acidity of the catalyst. Reaction feed composition: 3000 × 10-6 CH2Cl2 + air. (i) Deep oxidation of CH2Cl2 over Mo-doped CoAl2O4 spinel oxides. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [137]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier.

Fig. 13. (a) Summary chart for the work of rationally fabricated Ce-Mn@ZrO2-SO42- catalyst boosts the efficient destruction of chlorobenzene with SO2 Impurity. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [138]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier. (b) Corresponding schematic diagram of the propane catalytic oxidation reactions in the presence of SO2 over Co/HLS and Fe-Co/HLS catalysts. (c) Adsorption of the SO2 molecule on the Fe-Co/HLS catalysts. (d) In-situ DRIFT spectra with temperature increased after SO2 + O2 adsorption over Fe-Co/HLS catalysts. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [139]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier. (e) In situ DRIFTS spectra of CoNiOx@Cu5V1Ox catalyst at air/SO2 of CoNiOx@Cu5V1Ox catalyst. (f) The calculation of SO2 adsorption on CoNiOx and CoNiOx@Cu5V1Ox model surfaces. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [140]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier. (g) Construction of superhydrophobic layer for enhancing the water-resistant performance of VOCs catalytic combustion. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [141]. Copyright 2022, Elsevier. (h) Proposed C3H8 oxidation mechanism over CoMnOx@CoAlOx catalysts. (i) Catalytic activity with 5 vol% H2O conditions. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [142]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier.

Fig. 14. (a) Mechanism of the photocatalytic reaction. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [140]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier. (b) Degradation curves of styrene by different wide-bandgap semiconductors. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [144]. Copyright 2024, Royal Society of Chemistry. (c) Degradation curves of BaTiO3 for styrene, toluene, benzene, and ethyl acetate under visible light. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [145]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier. (d) Schematic diagram of photothermal catalysis. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [147]. Copyright 2023, Elsevier. (e) Schematic illustration of solar-light-driven thermo-catalysis and photoactivation on Co3O4 with Co2+ vacancy defects. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [148]. Copyright 2018, American Chemical Society. (f) Schematic diagram of the charges transfers and separation mechanism in type B heterojunction WO3/Ag/GdCrO3 under photothermal conditions. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [149]. Copyright 2021, American Chemical Society. (g) Proposed photothermo-catalytic mechanism of MnOx-ZrO2. Photothermal Conditions. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [150]. Copyright 2022, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute.

Fig. 15. Future outlooks for metal oxides catalyst development on the catalytic oxidation of VOCs.

References

[1]	C. He, J. Cheng, X. Zhang, M. Douthwaite, S. Pattisson, Z. Hao, Chem. Rev., 2019, 119, 4471-4568.
[2]	M. Woellner, S. Hausdorf, N. Klein, P. Mueller, M. W. Smith, S. Kaskel, Adv. Mater., 2018, 30, 1704679.
[3]	R. J. Davis, R. F. Zeiss, Environ. Progr., 2002, 21, 111-115.
[4]	C. Zhang, X. Gao, J. Qin, Q. Guo, H. Zhou, W. Jin, J. Hazard. Mater., 2021, 402, 123817.
[5]	M. Hernández, G. Quijano, R. Muñoz, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2012, 46, 4059-4066.
[6]	D. R. van der Vaart, E. G. Marchand, A. Bagely-Pride, Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol., 1994, 24, 203-236.
[7]	K. Zhang, H. Ding, W. Pan, X. Mu, K. Qiu, J. Ma, Y. Zhao, J. Song, Z. Zhang, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2022, 56, 9220-9236.
[8]	Z. Jiang, M. Jing, X. Hai, F. Dang, Y. Zhang, M. Douthwaite, C. Chen, L. Zheng, Z. Hao, J. Lu, J. Yu, D. Wang, C. He, Adv. Funct. Mater., 2025, DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202502654.
[9]	H. Zhang, Z. Wang, L. Wei, Y. Liu, H. Dai, J. Deng, Chin. J. Catal., 2024, 61, 71-96.
[10]	C. Shan, Y. Wang, J. Li, Q. Zhao, R. Han, C. Liu, Q. Liu, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2023, 57, 9495-9514.
[11]	K. Zhang, H. Ding, W. Pan, J. Ma, Y. Zhao, J. Song, Z. Zhang, J. Mol. Struct., 2023, 1289, 135828.
[12]	L. Yang, Y. Li, Y. Sun, W. Wang, Z. Shao, Energy Environ. Mater., 2022, 5, 751-776.
[13]	J. Pang, Q. Li, G. Su, B. Sun, M. Song, Y. Hua, W. Zhang, J. Meng, B. Shi, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2025, 59, 9812-9826.
[14]	T. Xu, C. Wang, Y. Lv, B. Zhu, X. Zhang, Nanomaterials, 2025, 15, 685.
[15]	W. Zhang, J. L. Valverde, A. Giroir-Fendler, Appl. Catal. B, 2023, 337, 122908.
[16]	T. Pan, H. Deng, Y. Lu, J. Ma, L. Wang, C. Zhang, H. He, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2022, 57, 1123-1133.
[17]	Y. Hu, L. Zhang, J. Zhang, Y. Liu, J. Rare Earths, 2024, 42, 94-101.
[18]	L. Zhou, C. Wang, Y. Li, X. Liu, H. Deng, W. Shan, H. He, Chin. Chem. Lett., 2023, 34, 107605.
[19]	Y. Ren, C. Dong, C. Song, Z. Qu, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2024, 58, 20785-20811.
[20]	M. Ma, R. Albilali, C. He, Environ. Sci. Nano, 2024, 11, 4060-4073.
[21]	H. Chen, G. Wei, X. Liang, P. Liu, Y. Xi, J. Zhu, Catal. Sci. Technol., 2024, 10, 5829-5839.
[22]	X. Wan, L. Wang, S. Gao, X. Lang, L. Wang, T. Zhang, A. Dong, W. Wang, Chem. Eng. J., 2021, 410, 128305.
[23]	T. Chen, J. Miao, M. Zhu, R. Ran, W. Zhou, Z. Shao, Compos. Part B Eng., 2021, 207, 108577.
[24]	S. Wang, P. Xiao, J. Yang, S. A. C. Carabineiro, M. Wiśniewski, J. Zhu, X. Liu, Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2023, 17, 1649-1676.
[25]	O. Padilla, J. Munera, J. Gallego, A. Santamaria, Catalysts, 2022, 12, 168.
[26]	M. Xiao, T. Zhao, Y. Li, B. Zhu, T. Yu, W. Liu, M. Zhao, B. Cui, ChemCatChem, 2024, 16, e202301524.
[27]	Z. Wang, X. Zhou, G. Wang, Q. Tong, H. Wan, L. Dong, Inorg. Chem., 2024, 63, 7241-7254.
[28]	Z. Zhou, Y. Wang, H. Hu, J. Wei, R. Qiao, F. Bi, X. Zhang, Fuel, 2025, 399, 135603.
[29]	Y. Dun, X. Ma, Y. Liu, L. Xie, Q. Wang, A. Zhang, C. Du, B. Shan, ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 2024, 7, 2010-2020.
[30]	Y. Dun, Y.-F. Liu, J. Xu, L. Xie, C. Du, B. Shan, Appl. Catal. A, 2024, 685, 119872.
[31]	B. Bai, H. Arandiyan, J. Li, Appl. Catal. B, 2013, 142-143, 677-683.
[32]	C. M. A. Parlett, K. Wilson, A. F. Lee, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2013, 42, 3876-3893.
[33]	X. Guo, X. Kong, D. Wu, Y. Sun, L. Li, L. Sun, J. Zhang, Mater. Today Commun., 2022, 32, 103905.
[34]	J. Fan, X. Niu, W. Teng, P. Zhang, W.-X. Zhang, D. Zhao, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020, 8, 17174-17184.
[35]	W. Gu, C. Li, J. Qiu, J. Yao, J. Alloys Compd., 2022, 892, 162185.
[36]	L. Zhao, Z. Zhang, Y. Li, X. Leng, T. Zhang, F. Yuan, X. Niu, Y. Zhu, Appl. Catal. B, 2019, 245, 502-512.
[37]	L. Wu, Y. Li, Z. Fu, B. L. Su, Natl. Sci. Rev., 2020, 7, 1667-1701.
[38]	N. D. Petkovich, A. Stein, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2013, 42, 3721-3739.
[39]	L. Zhang, C. Baumanis, L. Robben, T. Kandiel, D. Benemann, Small, 2011, 7, 2714-2720.
[40]	L.-S. Wan, L.-W. Zhu, Y. Ou, Z.-K. Xu, Chem. Commun., 2014, 50, 4024-4039.
[41]	V. Valtchev, L. Tosheva, Chem. Rev., 2013, 113, 6734-6760.
[42]	Y. Zhang, S. N. Riduan, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2012, 41, 2083-2094.
[43]	X. Feng, H. Chen, Q. Xue, C. Su, Y. Zhou, Chem. Eng. J., 2024, 490, 151464.
[44]	C.-H. Kuo, Y. Tang, L.-Y. Chou, B. T. Sneed, C. N. Brodsky, Z. Zhao, C.-K. Tsung, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2012, 134, 14345-14348.
[45]	X. Wang, J. Feng, Y. Bai, Q. Zhang, Y. Yin, Chem. Rev., 2016, 116, 10983-11060.
[46]	Z. Wang, R. Yu, Adv. Mater., 2019, 31, 1800592.
[47]	L. Shen, L. Yu, X. Y. Yu, X. Zhang, X. W. Lou, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2015, 54, 1868-1872.
[48]	L. Yu, X. Yu, X. Lou, Adv. Mater., 2018, 30, 1800939.
[49]	H. Zhao, J.-F. Chen, Y. Zhao, L. Jiang, J.-W. Sun, J. Yun, Adv. Mater., 2008, 20, 3682-3686.
[50]	X. Lai, J. Li, B. A. Korgel, Z. Dong, Z. Li, F. Su, J. Du, D. Wang, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2011, 50, 2738-2741.
[51]	M. Li, S. Yu, H. Huang, X. Li, Y. Feng, C. Wang, Y. Wang, T. Ma, L. Guo, Y. Zhang, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2019, 58, 9517-9521.
[52]	K. Zhou, Y. Li, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2012, 51, 602-613.
[53]	S. Cao, F. F. Tao, Y. Tang, Y. Li, J. Yu, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2016, 45, 4747-4765.
[54]	Y. Jian, M. Tian, C. He, J. Xiong, Z. Jiang, H. Jin, L. Zheng, R. Albilali, J.-W. Shi, Appl. Catal. B, 2021, 283, 119657.
[55]	Y. Dai, Y. Men, J. Wang, S. Liu, S. Li, Y. Li, K. Wang, Z. Li, Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 2021, 627, 127216.
[56]	Q. Chai, C. Li, L. Song, C. Liu, T. Peng, C. Lin, Y. Zhang, S. Li, Q. Guo, S. Sun, H. Dai, X. Zheng, J. Hazard. Mater., 2024, 475, 134917.
[57]	S. Rong, P. Zhang, F. Liu, Y. Yang, ACS Catal., 2018, 8, 3435-3446.
[58]	Y. Li, H. Li, K. Li, R. Wang, R. Zhang, R. Liu, ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 2023, 6, 14214-14227.
[59]	X. Zheng, Y. Li, L. Zhang, L. Shen, Y. Xiao, Y. Zhang, C. Au, L. Jiang, Appl. Catal. B, 2019, 252, 98-110.
[60]	N. Roy, Y. Sohn, D. Pradhan, ACS Nano, 2013, 7, 2532-2540.
[61]	X. Xiao, X. Liu, H. Zhao, D. Chen, F. Liu, J. Xiang, Z. Hu, Y. Li, Adv. Mater., 2012, 24, 5762-5766.
[62]	S. Bai, N. Zhang, C. Gao, Y. Xiong, Nano Energy, 2018, 53, 296-336.
[63]	J. Zheng, X. Peng, Z. Xu, J. Gong, Z. Wang, ACS Catal., 2022, 12, 10245-10254.
[64]	Y. Zheng, K. Fu, Z. Yu, Y. Su, R. Han, Q. Liu, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2022, 10, 14171-14186.
[65]	L. Pan, S. Wang, W. Mi, J. Song, J.-J. Zou, L. Wang, X. Zhang, Nano Energy, 2014, 9, 71-79.
[66]	S. Wu, D. Ruan, Z. Huang, H. Xu, W. Shen, Inorg. Chem., 2024, 63, 10264-10277.
[67]	C. Feng, Q. Gao, G. Xiong, Y. Chen, Y. Pan, Z. Fei, Y. Li, Y. Lu, C. Liu, Y. Liu, Appl. Catal. B, 2022, 304, 121005.
[68]	F. Dang, Z. Jiang, Y. Wang, J. Wan, C. Ai, M. Tian, Y. Jian, H. Xu, R. Albilali, J. Yu, C. He, ACS Catal., 2024, 14, 14031-14042.
[69]	Y. Li, T. Chen, S. Zhao, P. Wu, Y. Chong, A. Li, Y. Zhao, G. Chen, X. Jin, Y. Qiu, D. Ye, ACS Catal., 2022, 12, 4906-4917.
[70]	P. Wang, J. Wang, X. An, J. Shi, W. Shangguan, X. Hao, G. Xu, B. Tang, A. Abudula, G. Guan, Appl. Catal. B, 2021, 282, 119560.
[71]	T. Yu, B. Lim, Y. Xia, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2010, 49, 4484-4487.
[72]	C. Wang, Y. Li, C. Zhang, X. Chen, C. Liu, W. Weng, W. Shan, H. He, Appl. Catal. B, 2021, 282, 119540.
[73]	J. Yan, T. Wang, G. Wu, W. Dai, N. Guan, L. Li, J. Gong, Adv. Mater., 2015, 27, 1580-1586.
[74]	R. Shi, H. Ye, F. Liang, Z. Wang, K. Li, Y. Weng, Z. Lin, W. Fu, C. Che, Y. Chen, Adv. Mater., 2018, 30, 1705941.
[75]	N. Pradhan, S. Das Adhikari, A. Nag, D. D. Sarma, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2017, 56, 7038-7054.
[76]	B. Li, J. Shen, H. Zhao, W. Lei, X. Yu, J. Xu, Y. Tang, H. Zhang, H. Shao, Chem. Eng. J., 2022, 431, 133732.
[77]	Y. Zhang, M. Zhang, Y. Zang, H. Wang, C. Liu, L. Wei, Y. Wang, L. He, W. Wang, Z. Zhang, R. Han, N. Ji, C. Song, X. Lu, D. Ma, Y. Sun, Q. Liu, ACS Catal., 2023, 13, 1449-1461.
[78]	X. Lv, M. Jiang, J. Chen, D. Yan, H. Jia, Appl. Catal. B, 2022, 315, 121592.
[79]	Q. Shao, S. Wei, X. Hu, H. Dong, T. Wen, L. Gao, C. Long, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2022, 56, 15449-15459.
[80]	W. Zhu, Y. Li, H. Liu, Y. Yan, C. Liang, J. Catal., 2024, 434, 115529.
[81]	X. Wang, J. Li, J. Li, B. Jing, Y. Sun, T. Wang, D. Li, H. Huang, Z. Ao, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, 12, 14698-14708.
[82]	D. Zhu, Y. Huang, R. Li, S. Peng, P. Wang, J.-J. Cao, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2023, 57, 17598-17609.
[83]	S. Liu, H. Zhu, X. Chen, Y. Zhang, W. Liu, H. Li, Z. Song, X. Zhang, Process. Saf. Environ. Prot., 2024, 191, 2322-2334.
[84]	W. Yang, Y. Peng, Y. Wang, Y. Wang, H. Liu, Z.-A. Su, W. Yang, J. Chen, W. Si, J. Li, Appl. Catal. B, 2020, 278, 119279.
[85]	N. Huang, Z. Qu, C. Dong, Y. Qin, X. Duan, Appl. Catal. A, 2018, 560, 195-205.
[86]	M. Wang, X.-K. Gu, H.-Y. Su, J.-M. Lu, J.-P. Ma, M. Yu, Z. Zhang, F. Wang, J. Catal., 2015, 330, 458-464.
[87]	K. Siemek, A. Olejniczak, P. Konieczny, M. Perzanowski, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2025, 710, 163843.
[88]	S. Lu, X. Guo, Y. Gu, Y. Peng, J. Ding, J. Yan, J. Mater. Sci., 2022, 57, 12405-12415.
[89]	J. Bae, D. Shin, H. Jeong, C. Choe, Y. Choi, J. W. Han, H. Lee, ACS Catal., 2021, 11, 11066-11074.
[90]	S. Fang, F. Liao, Z. Chen, S. Yang, J. Zhang, P. Xu, Catal. Lett., 2025, 155, 174.
[91]	S. Sun, G. Li, S. Zhu, W. Meng, L. Xu, J. Jiang, F. Wang, X. Li, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, 12, 17463-17470.
[92]	C. M. Rost, E. Sachet, T. Borman, A. Moballegh, E. C. Dickey, D. Hou, J. L. Jones, S. Curtarolo, J.-P. Maria, Nat. Commun., 2015, 6, 8485.
[93]	Y. Ge, X. Zhang, F. Shen, S. Li, B. Shen, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2025, 13, 10173-10186.
[94]	T. Li, Y. Yao, Z. Huang, P. Xie, Z. Liu, M. Yang, J. Gao, K. Zeng, A. H. Brozena, G. Pastel, M.-L. Jiao, Q. Dong, J. Dai, S. Li, H. Zong, M. Chi, J. Luo, Y. Mo, G. Wang, C. Wang, R. Shahbazian-Yassar, L. Hu, Nat. Catal., 2021, 4, 62-70.
[95]	Z. Shi, L. Wang, Y. Huang, X.-Y. Kong, L. Ye, Mater. Chem. Front., 2023, 8, 179-191.
[96]	W.-T. Koo, J. E. Millstone, P. S. Weiss, I.-D. Kim, ACS Nano, 2020, 14, 6407-6413.
[97]	W. van der Stam, J. J. Geuchies, T. Altantzis, K. H. W. van den Bos, J. D. Meeldijk, S. Van Aert, S. Bals, D. Vanmaekelbergh, C. de Mello Donega, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2017, 139, 4087-4097.
[98]	Z. Jiang, X. Feng, J. Deng, C. He, M. Douthwaite, Y. Yu, J. Liu, Z. Hao, Z. Zhao, Adv. Funct. Mater., 2019, 29, 1902041.
[99]	Y. Feng, C. Wang, C. Wang, H. Huang, H.-C. Hsi, E. Duan, Y. Liu, G. Guo, H. Dai, J. Deng, J. Hazard. Mater., 2022, 424, 127337.
[100]	H. Xiong, A. K. Datye, Y. Wang, Adv. Mater., 2021, 33, 2004319.
[101]	S. Wei, A. Li, J.-C. Liu, Z. Li, W. Chen, Y. Gong, Q. Zhang, W.-C. Cheong, Y. Wang, L. Zheng, H. Xiao, C. Chen, D. Wang, Q. Peng, L. Gu, X. Han, J. Li, Y. Li, Nat. Nanotechnol., 2018, 13, 856-861.
[102]	B. Qiao, A. Wang, X. Yang, L. F. Allard, Z. Jiang, Y. Cui, J. Liu, J. Li, T. Zhang, Nat. Chem., 2011, 3, 634-641.
[103]	Y. Shi, C. Zhao, H. Wei, J. Guo, S. Liang, A. Wang, T. Zhang, J. Liu, T. Ma, Adv. Mater., 2014, 26, 8147-8153.
[104]	R. Fiorenza, Catalysts, 2020, 10, 661.
[105]	K. Zhang, L. Dai, Y. Liu, J. Deng, L. Jing, K. Zhang, Z. Hou, X. Zhang, J. Wang, Y. Feng, Y. Zhang, H. Dai, Appl. Catal. B, 2020, 279, 119372.
[106]	L. Wang, Y. Sun, Y. Ma, M. Xu, J. Zhang, Y. Zhu, J. Ding, L. Zhu, J. Ma, W. Ji, L. Wang, Y. Li, J. Catal., 2023, 428, 115133.
[107]	C. Xu, L. Liu, X. Zhang, L. Guo, X. Zhang, Z. Huang, X. Wu, H. Zhao, G. Jing, H. Shen, Chem. Eng. J., 2024, 480, 148361.
[108]	Y. Sun, Y. Xia, Nano Lett., 2003, 3, 1569-1572.
[109]	R. Zanella, J. Catal., 2004, 222, 357-367.
[110]	J. Chen, B. Wiley, J. McLellan, Y. Xiong, Z.-Y. Li, Y. Xia, Nano Lett., 2005, 5, 2058-2062.
[111]	A. A. Ismail, S. A. Al-Sayari, D. W. Bahnemann, Catal. Today, 2013, 209, 2-7.
[112]	D. Wang, Y. Li, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2010, 132, 6280-6281.
[113]	G. Li, N. Li, Y. Sun, Y. Qu, Z. Jiang, Z. Zhao, Z. Zhang, J. Cheng, Z. Hao, Appl. Catal. B, 2021, 282, 119512.
[114]	C. Feng, C. Chen, G. Xiong, D. Yang, Z. Wang, Y. Pan, Z. Fei, Y. Lu, Y. Liu, R. Zhang, X. Li, Appl. Catal. B, 2023, 328, 122528.
[115]	L. Song, H. Zhang, Z. Nie, J. Tian, Y. Liu, C. Ma, P. Liu, Q. Ren, J. Xiong, H. Huang, W. Yang, D. Cao, M. Fu, D. Ye, ACS Catal., 2023, 13, 15779-15793.
[116]	Y. Wang, S. Wang, J. Bai, L. Zhang, S. Zhao, J. Deng, X. Tang, E. Duan, Appl. Catal. B, 2023, 338, 123079.
[117]	X. Wang, Y. Liu, T. Zhang, Y. Luo, Z. Lan, K. Zhang, J. Zuo, L. Jiang, R. Wang, ACS Catal., 2017, 7, 1626-1636.
[118]	X. Lai, X. Zhou, H. Zhang, X. Jiang, T. Lin, Y. Chen, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2020, 526, 146714.
[119]	L. Zhao, Y. Yang, J. Liu, J. Ding, J. Hazard. Mater., 2022, 431, 128640.
[120]	J. Zhong, Y. Zeng, D. Chen, S. Mo, M. Zhang, M. Fu, J. Wu, Z. Su, P. Chen, D. Ye, J. Hazard. Mater., 2020, 386, 121957.
[121]	S. Mo, Q. Zhang, J. Li, Y. Sun, Q. Ren, S. Zou, Q. Zhang, J. Lu, M. Fu, D. Mo, J. Wu, H. Huang, D. Ye, Appl. Catal. B, 2020, 264, 118464.
[122]	G. Hu, Z. Zhang, C.-A. Wang, G. Li, D. Zhou, J. Wang, D. Che, R. Kang, Combust. Sci. Technol., 2025, 197, 1550-1568.
[123]	P. Liu, Y. Liao, J. Li, L. Chen, M. Fu, P. Wu, R. Zhu, X. Liang, T. Wu, D. Ye, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2021, 594, 713-726.
[124]	Y. Ma, L. Wang, J. Ma, H. Wang, C. Zhang, H. Deng, H. He, ACS Catal., 2021, 11, 6614-6625.
[125]	Y. Yan, M. Ouyang, Y. Xing, J. Tian, L. Song, P. Chen, P. Liu, L. Yang, X. Song, M. Fu, D. Ye, Appl. Catal. B, 2025, 365, 124864.
[126]	L. Zhao, Y. Yang, J. Liu, J. Ding, Chemosphere, 2023, 330, 138754.
[127]	Q. Jiang, J. Yang, S. Li, H. Huang, Z. Ao, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, 12, 27623-27631.
[128]	M. Xu, L. Wang, Y. Sun, Y. Ma, X. Zhang, J. Zhang, Y. Zhu, L. Zhu, S. Qiao, J. Wei, W. Ji, F. Lin, Sep. Purif. Technol., 2024, 345, 127339.
[129]	K. Zhang, W. Wang, H. Ding, J. Ma, Y. Zhao, J. Song, Z. Zhang, W. Pan, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2023, 127, 17781-17790.
[130]	Y. Zhang, M. Wang, S. Kang, T. Pan, H. Deng, W. Shan, H. He, J. Environ. Sci., 2021, 104, 17-26.
[131]	Z. Shen, E. Gao, X. Meng, J. Xu, Y. Sun, J. Zhu, J. Li, Z. Wu, W. Wang, S. Yao, Q. Dai, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2023, 57, 3864-3874.
[132]	Y. Ye, L. Gao, J. Xu, L. Wang, L. Mo, X. Zhang, J. Rare Earths, 2023, 41, 862-869.
[133]	S. Yang, H. Li, M. Zhang, J. Gao, Z. Qi, S. Zhang, W. Li, S. Li, Appl. Catal. B, 2025, 361, 124621.
[134]	Y. Sun, C. He, M. Tian, Y. Sun, B. Bai, Mol. Catal., 2024, 557, 113959.
[135]	J. Ding, Y. Yang, J. Liu, L. Zhao, Y. Yu, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2021, 559, 149979.
[136]	P. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Wang, N. Feng, H. Wan, G. Guan, J. Hazard. Mater., 2024, 477, 135389.
[137]	Y.-K. Ma, L.-R. Ouyang, Y.-F. Yao, Z.-F. Dai, Y. Wang, J.-Q. Lu, Chem. Eng. J., 2024, 497, 154538.
[138]	Y. Sun, S. Xu, B. Bai, H. Zhang, Y. Li, G. Gan, M. Tian, M. Lan, Z. Zhang, Z. Hao, C. He, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2025, 59, 5394-5405.
[139]	K. Zha, S. Wu, Z. Zheng, Z. Huang, H. Xu, W. Shen, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2022, 61, 12482-12492.
[140]	S. Wu, C. Feng, F. Dong, S. Ma, W. Han, W. Han, H. Zhang, Z. Tang, Appl. Catal. B, 2025, 372, 125293.
[141]	J. Yao, F. Dong, H. Feng, Z. Tang, Fuel, 2022, 314, 123139.
[142]	S. Wu, S. Wu, F. Dong, S. Ma, Y. Meng, H. Zhang, Z. Tang, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, 12, 16210-16226.
[143]	X. Yu, C. Zhao, Z. Chen, L. Yang, B. Zhu, S. Fan, J. Zhang, C. Chen, Chem. Eng. J., 2024, 486, 150192.
[144]	T. Wang, J. Cao, J. Li, J. Li, D. Li, S. Wang, Z. Ao, Environ. Sci.: Nano, 2024, 11, 2415-2427.
[145]	T. Wang, J. Cao, J. Li, D. Li, Z. Ao, Chin. Chem. Lett., 2025, 36, 110078.
[146]	J. Zhou, G. Liu, Q. Jiang, W. Zhao, Z. Ao, T. An, Chin. J. Catal., 2020, 41, 1633-1644.
[147]	M. Shi, X. Meng, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 2023, 48, 34659-34676.
[148]	L. Lan, Z. Shi, Q. Zhang, Y. Li, Y. Yang, S. Wu, X. Zhao, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018, 6, 7194-7205.
[149]	J. Li, J. Chen, H. Fang, X. Guo, Z. Rui, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2021, 60, 8420-8429.
[150]	R. Fiorenza, R. A. Farina, E. M. Malannata, F. Lo Presti, S. A. Balsamo, Catalysts, 2022, 12, 85.
[151]	E. Saccullo, V. Patamia, A. Bifarella, A. Ferlazzo, R. Fiorenza, L. Spitaleri, G. Sfuncia, G. Nicotra, C. Zagni, M. T. A. Iapichino, A. Gulino, G. Floresta, A. Rescifina, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 2025, 304, 140695.

Advances in metal oxide catalysts for efficient VOCs oxidation: Synthesis strategy and catalytic mechanism

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 15

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

[1]	Kelechi Uwakwe, Huan Liu, Qiming Bing, Liang Yu, Dehui Deng. Theoretical prediction of WS₂-confined metal atoms for highly efficient acetylene hydrogenation to ethylene [J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2025, 76(9): 221-229.
[2]	Ai Yating, A. C. Carabineiro Sónia, Xiong Xianqiang, Zhu Huayue, Wang Qi, Weng Bo, Yang Min-Quan. Systematic assessment of emerging contaminants elimination using an S-scheme Mn_0.5Cd_0.5S/In₂S₃ photocatalyst: Degradation pathways, toxicity evaluation and mechanistic analysis [J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2025, 75(8): 147-163.
[3]	Jian-Feng Wu, Li-Ye Liang, Zheng Che, Yu-Ting Miao, Lingjun Chou. Bimetallic oxide catalysts for CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol: Recent advances and challenges [J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2025, 73(6): 62-78.
[4]	Dezhi Shi, Yanyan Chen, Xiao Chen, Sen Wang, Qiang Wang, Pengfei Wang, Huaqing Zhu, Mei Dong, Jun Xu, Feng Deng, Jianguo Wang, Weibin Fan. Single [Ga(OH)]²⁺ species supported on mesoporous hollow-structured H-ZSM-5: A highly efficient light alkanes aromatization catalyst [J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2025, 72(5): 359-375.
[5]	Xianquan Li, Jifeng Pang, Yujia Zhao, Lin Li, Wenguang Yu, Feifei Xu, Yang Su, Xiaofeng Yang, Wenhao Luo, Mingyuan Zheng. Identifying a bi-molecular synergetic adsorption mechanism for catalytic transformation of ethanol/acetaldehyde into 1,3-butadiene [J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2025, 71(4): 297-307.
[6]	Nan Wang, Yimo Wu, Jingfeng Han, Yanan Zhang, Li Wang, Yang Yu, Jiaxing Zhang, Hao Xiong, Xiao Chen, Yida Zhou, Hanlixin Wang, Zhaochao Xu, Shutao Xu, Xinwen Guo, Fei Wei, Yingxu Wei, Zhongmin Liu. Channel-passing growth mechanism of coke in ZSM-5 catalyzed methanol-to-hydrocarbons conversion: From molecular structure, spatiotemporal dynamics to catalyst deactivation [J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2025, 78(11): 215-228.
[7]	Shaolei Gao, Peng Lu, Liang Qi, Yingli Wang, Hua Li, Mao Ye, Valentin Valtchev, Alexis T. Bell, Zhongmin Liu. Dimethoxymethane carbonylation and disproportionation over extra-large pore zeolite ZEO-1: Reaction network and mechanism [J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2025, 68(1): 230-245.
[8]	Chenyu Du, Jianping Sheng, Fengyi Zhong, Ye He, Vitaliy P. Guro, Yanjuan Sun, Fan Dong. Rational design and mechanistic insights of advanced photocatalysts for CO₂-to-C₂₊ production: Status and challenges [J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2024, 60(5): 25-41.
[9]	Siyu Chen, Jingqi Guan. Structural regulation strategies of nitrogen reduction electrocatalysts [J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2024, 66(11): 20-52.
[10]	Runze Liu, Xue Shao, Chang Wang, Weili Dai, Naijia Guan. Reaction mechanism of methanol-to-hydrocarbons conversion: Fundamental and application [J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2023, 47(4): 67-92.
[11]	Dan-Qing Liu, Bingxing Zhang, Guoqiang Zhao, Jian Chen, Hongge Pan, Wenping Sun. Advanced in-situ electrochemical scanning probe microscopies in electrocatalysis [J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2023, 47(4): 93-120.
[12]	Yan-Wen Ye, Yi-Ming Hu, Wan-Bin Zheng, Ai-Ping Jia, Yu Wang, Ji-Qing Lu. Hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde over ligand-capped Ir catalysts: Metal-organic interface boosts both activity and selectivity [J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2023, 47(4): 265-277.
[13]	Zixuan Zhou, Peng Gao. Direct carbon dioxide hydrogenation to produce bulk chemicals and liquid fuels via heterogeneous catalysis [J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2022, 43(8): 2045-2056.
[14]	Bo Lin, Mengyang Xia, Baorong Xu, Ben Chong, Zihao Chen, Guidong Yang. Bio-inspired nanostructured g-C₃N₄-based photocatalysts: A comprehensive review [J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2022, 43(8): 2141-2172.
[15]	Jianxiang Wu, Xuejing Yang, Ming Gong. Recent advances in glycerol valorization via electrooxidation: Catalyst, mechanism and device [J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2022, 43(12): 2966-2986.