催化学报

催化学报 ›› 2027, Vol. 92: 1-36.DOI: 10.1016/S1872-2067(26)65276-X

• 综述 •    下一篇

S-型异质结在耦合氧化还原光催化中的应用: 通过电子-空穴协同调控实现双半反应高效耦合

魏邦虎, 任伟, 李金河, 王伟康, 刘芹芹*   

  1. 江苏大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏镇江 212013
  • 收稿日期:2026-06-11 接受日期:2026-07-21 出版日期:2027-01-18 发布日期:2026-10-30
  • 通讯作者: *电子信箱: qqliu@ujs.edu.cn (刘芹芹).
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(22102064, 22472069).

S-scheme heterojunctions for coupled redox photocatalysis: Orchestrating electron-hole synergy to unlock dual half-reactions

Banghu Wei, Wei Ren, Jinhe Li, Weikang Wang, Qinqin Liu*   

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2026-06-11 Accepted:2026-07-21 Online:2027-01-18 Published:2026-10-30
  • Contact: *E-mail: qqliu@ujs.edu.cn (Q. Liu).
  • About author:Qinqin Liu, (Professor and Ph.D. Supervisor at the School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, is a young academic leader of Jiangsu University. Her research interests mainly focus on the design and synthesis of nanomaterials and photo(electro)catalytic materials, as well as their applications in energy conversion and environmental remediation. She currently serves as a member of the Photocatalysis Professional Committee of the Chinese Society of Imaging Science and Technology, a young council member of the Chinese Society of Imaging Science and Technology, a member of the Chinese Chemical Society, a member of the Jiangsu Materials Society, and a young editorial board member of Chinese Journal of Catalysis, Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, and Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry. She also serves as a reviewer for several international academic journals. She has led more than 10 research projects, including projects supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. In recent years, she has published more than 200 SCI-indexed papers in internationally renowned journals, including Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Nano Letters, and National Science Review, with over 6000 citations and an H-index of 54. She has received the Second Prize of the Science and Technology Invention Award of the Ministry of Education, and has been granted 10 Chinese invention patents and 1 PCT international patent.)
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (22102064, 22472069).

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摘要： 在“双碳”战略和能源绿色转型背景下, 太阳能驱动光催化技术因能够同时实现清洁能源转化与高附加值化学品合成而广受关注. 然而, 传统单一光催化体系普遍存在光生载流子复合严重、氧化/还原半反应动力学不匹配以及电子-空穴利用率低等问题, 导致太阳能转化效率和整体经济性受到限制. 近年来, S-型异质结凭借其独特的能带排列和界面内建电场, 在异质结界面实现无用低能载流子的选择性复合, 同时保留具有强氧化还原能力的高能载流子, 从本质上平衡载流子分离效率与氧化还原热力学驱动力, 为构建高效光催化氧化还原耦合体系提供了新的设计思路. 因此, 系统总结S-型异质结在光催化氧化还原耦合中的研究进展及其协同机制, 对于推动太阳能高效利用具有重要意义.
本文系统综述了S-型异质结在光催化氧化还原耦合体系中的最新研究进展. 首先, 介绍了S-型异质结的发展历程、工作原理及界面电荷传输机制, 阐明了界面内建电场、能带弯曲及库仑相互作用共同驱动光生载流子定向迁移和选择性复合的本质. 随后, 围绕析氢、CO2还原及H2O2合成等典型还原反应, 结合有机分子选择性氧化、生物质高值化转化及污染物降解等氧化反应, 系统总结了S-型异质结实现氧化/还原半反应协同耦合的最新研究成果, 并重点讨论了电子-空穴协同利用对提升反应动力学、太阳能利用效率及产物选择性的关键作用. 此外, 从活性位点构筑、能带结构调控及界面工程三个方面, 深入分析了S-型异质结促进氧化还原耦合反应的多维调控策略, 进一步阐明了界面电子结构调控、反应中间体吸附优化及电荷迁移路径设计等因素对耦合反应性能的影响规律. 最后, 对S-型异质结光催化氧化还原耦合体系面临的关键挑战和未来发展方向进行了总结与展望: (1)深入揭示界面电荷迁移、反应中间体演化及氧化/还原协同机制, 建立更加完善的构效关系, 为高效S-型异质结的理性设计提供理论依据; (2)结合原位表征、超快光谱及密度泛函理论计算等先进技术, 深入解析复杂界面动态过程和真实反应机理; (3)发展多维界面工程、精准活性位调控及智能催化剂设计策略, 进一步提高太阳能利用效率及氧化还原协同效率; (4)推动S-型异质结光催化体系由实验室研究向连续流反应器及实际太阳能驱动应用拓展, 实现高效、稳定、低成本的太阳能光催化转化, 为清洁能源生产、碳资源利用及绿色化学品合成提供新的理论基础和技术参考.

关键词: S-型异质结, 双半反应, 电荷分离, 电子-空穴协同, 氧化/还原光催化

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the global "dual-carbon" strategy, solar-driven photocatalysis emerges as a promising avenue for clean energy conversion and carbon neutralization. However, conventional single photocatalysts suffer from rapid carrier recombination and mismatched redox reaction kinetics, severely limiting their catalytic performance. Different from conventional heterojunctions that compromise redox potential for enhanced charge separation, S-scheme heterojunctions feature a unique band alignment that selectively eliminates useless low-energy carriers via interfacial recombination. This configuration preserves high-energy electrons and holes with robust redox capabilities, fundamentally resolving the intrinsic trade-off between charge separation efficiency and thermodynamic redox driving force in photocatalysis. Based on this working principle, this review systematically elucidates the efficient utilization mechanism of electron–hole pairs in S-scheme heterojunctions, with a specific focus on the synergistic promotion mechanism between paired reduction and oxidation half-reactions in photocatalytic redox coupling systems. We highlight three major categories of reduction reactions—hydrogen production, CO2 reduction, and H2O2—coupled with diversified value-added oxidation processes (e.g., organic molecule oxidation, biomass upgrading, and pollutant oxidative degradation). Through the rational regulation of active site construction, band structure engineering, and interfacial charge modulation in S-scheme heterojunctions, the reaction kinetics, conversion efficiency, and catalytic pathways of both reduction and oxidation half-reactions can be synchronously optimized, which substantially improves the atom utilization efficiency and overall economic value of solar energy photocatalytic conversion. This review systematically clarifies the intrinsic correlation and synergistic mechanism between S-scheme heterojunction design and dual-reaction coupling catalysis, aiming to provide feasible theoretical guidance and technical roadmaps for the rational construction of high-efficiency, low-cost, and multifunctional solar-driven photocatalytic systems.

Key words: S-scheme heterojunction, Dual reactions, Charge separation, Electron-hole synergy, Redox photocatalysis